Predictors of Treatment Seeking Intention among People with Cough in East Wollega, Ethiopia Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior: A Community Based Cross -Sectional Study

Abstract

BackgroundEarly treatment seeking for cough is crucial in the prevention and control of Tuberculosis. This study was intended to assess treatment seeking intention of people with cough of more than two weeks, and to identify its predictors.MethodsA community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 763 individuals with cough of more than two weeks in East Wollega Zone from March 10 to April 16, 2011. Study participants were selected from eighteen villages by cluster sampling method. Data collection instruments were developed according to the standard guideline of the theory of planned behavior. The data were analyzed with SPSS 16.0. Multiple linear regression was used to identify predictors.ResultsMean score of intention was found to be 12.6 (SD=2.8) (range of possible score=3–15). Knowledge (β=0.14, 95%CI: 0.07-0.2), direct attitude (β=0.31, 95%CI: 0.25–0.35), belief-based attitude (β=0.03, 95%CI: 0.02–0.06) and perceived subjective norm (β=0.22, 95%CI: 0.13–0.31) positively predicted treatment seeking intention. However, perceived behavioral control and control belief were not significantly associated with treatment seeking intention (p>0.05). Being smoker (β=−0.97, 95%CI:−1.65 (−0.37)) and higher family income (β=−0.06, 95%CI:−0.07-(−0.01) were significantly associated with lower treatment seeking intention.ConclusionTPB significantly predicted treatment seeking intention among the study participants. Attitude and silent beliefs held by the respondents play an important role and should be given emphasize in prevention and control of Tuberculosis.

An Evaluation of Medication Adherence in Tuberculosis Patients Based on Theory of Planned Behavior

“…Based on this study result, the mean score was 4.09 in the medication adherence of TB patients (range of possible score 0 -8), it has been known that medication adherence has an important role to prevent transmission, death from TB, recurrence and drug resistance (Addisu et al, 2014). The analysis of questionnaire in this study showed that 94.2% of respondents feel disturbed and uncomfortable with treatment program of TB that requires them to take their medication every day for a long time, perhaps because of the lack of social and psychological support from their family and their nearest person as documented in some previous research.A study in South Africa showed that good social support can improve adherence in TB patients (Akeju, Wright and Maja, 2017).…”

“…The average of patient adherence in longterm treatment program in developed countries is only 50%, while lower numbers are found in developing countries (WHO, 2015). Adherence of treatment program has an important role to prevent transmission, death from TB, recurrence and drug resistance (Addisu et al, 2014). The measurement of adherence is important in order to achieve the success of treatment (Browne et al, 2018).…”

Determinants of delayed diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in high-burden countries: a mixed-methods systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Based on the outcome of quality assessments, no studies were excluded; instead, the information was considered during data synthesis and interpretation. 129 [29], 201 [30], 226 [31] Presumptive TB cases Case-control 838 [32] Crosssectional 476 [33], 843 [34], 1006 [35] 663 [36], 763 [37] Mozambique People with TB Crosssectional 622 [38] Tanzania People with TB Crosssectional 639 [39] 206 [ bStudy quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Highest possible score for cross-sectional studies was 10 (5 for selection, 2 for comparability, and 3 for outcome).…”

“…This review also identified other sociodemographic and economic risk factors for patient delay, such as being older, lower education level, unmarried, being unemployed, absence of health insurance, and high cost of treatment and transportation to health facilities (Table 2). Urban residence [24,56,58] Widowed/di vorced/ separated/n ot married [67,75] Cost of health care incurred before diagnosis [46 ] Sub-urban residence [104 ] Widowed Unemployed [35,36,39] Cost of treatment/ transport to health facilities [86] Unemployed [101] Cost of treatment/ transport to health facilities [47] No health insurance [68,72,73,81] Cost of health care incurred before diagnosis [101 , 104] Behavioral Smoking [37] Recreational drug use [61] Smoking [77] Poor TB knowledge [98] Poor TB knowledge [46,104] Nonsmoking [99] Stigma[25, 40,57] Stigma [72,83] Stigma [ TB-HIV coinfection/HIV positive [30,88] No cough [66] No history of TB [97] Smear positive [78,99] No history of TB in the family [101] Chest pain [107] No history of TB [32,…”

Experiences and intentions of Ugandan household tuberculosis contacts receiving test results via text message: an exploratory study

“…Specifically, we explored how household contacts receiving results via SMS influences follow-up intentions. The TPB has been widely applied to understand the behavior of patients [12,13]. It theorizes that attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control help form behavioral intentions, which are proximal causes of behavior [14].…”