Predictors of Weight Change in Sedentary Smokers Receiving a Standard Smoking Cessation Intervention

Prod’hom, Sylvain; Locatelli, Isabella; Giraudon, Karine; Marques‐Vidal, Pedro; Clair, Carole; Bize, Raphaël; Cornuz, Jacques

doi:10.1093/ntr/nts217

Cited by 24 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…On average, men gained 3.9 kg and women gained 3.3 kg 1 year after smoking cessation. High nicotine dependence was also associated with the greatest weight gain after cessation 56 . Furthermore, men experienced more weight gain during abstinence, which contradicts other studies 46,53 in which women experience more weight gain following cessation of smoking.…”

Section: Smoking Cessationmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Furthermore, men experienced more weight gain during abstinence, which contradicts other studies 46,53 in which women experience more weight gain following cessation of smoking. Older age (above the median age at entry of 43 years) was associated with continuing weight gain during relapse 56 . Overall, this study 56 suggests that older smokers, those who are men, and those with high nicotine dependence probably gain most weight after quitting smoking.…”

Section: Smoking Cessationmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The results of this study suggest that smokers with high nicotine dependence (that is, a high FTND score) are more likely to gain weight post-cessation than those with low nicotine dependence. Predictors of weight change in sedentary smokers following smoking cessation therapy have also been identified 56 . Overall, weight was found to increase during the first 3 months post-cessation, and to stabilize afterwards.…”

Section: Smoking Cessationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic effects of smoking cessation

2016

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Smoking continues to be the leading cause of preventable death in the USA, despite the vast and widely publicized knowledge about the negative health effects of tobacco smoking. Data show that smoking cessation is often accompanied by weight gain and an improvement in insulin sensitivity over time. However, paradoxically, post-cessation-related obesity might contribute to insulin resistance. Furthermore, post-cessation weight gain is reportedly the number one reason why smokers, especially women, fail to initiate smoking cessation or relapse after initiating smoking cessation. In this Review, we discuss the metabolic effects of stopping smoking and highlight future considerations for smoking cessation programs and therapies to be designed with an emphasis on reducing post-cessation weight gain.

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Section: Smoking Cessationmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Smoking Cessationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Smoking Cessationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic effects of smoking cessation

2016

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“…These results are discussed in details elsewhere [30]. Furthermore, the mean weight gain at one-year follow-up was also not significantly different in the two groups [31]. The full inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as the study design and procedure are described in details elsewhere [30].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin and smoking cessation: secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial assessing physical activity as an aid for smoking cessation

et al. 2014

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BackgroundSmokers have a lower body weight compared to non-smokers. Smoking cessation is associated with weight gain in most cases. A hormonal mechanism of action might be implicated in weight variations related to smoking, and leptin might be implicated. We made secondary analyses of an RCT, with a hypothesis-free exploratory approach to study the dynamic of leptin following smoking cessation.MethodsWe measured serum leptin levels among 271 sedentary smokers willing to quit who participated in a randomized controlled trial assessing a 9-week moderate-intensity physical activity intervention as an aid for smoking cessation. We adjusted leptin for body fat levels. We performed linear regressions to test for an association between leptin levels and the study group over time.ResultsOne year after smoking cessation, the mean serum leptin change was +3.23 mg/l (SD 4.89) in the control group and +1.25 mg/l (SD 4.86) in the intervention group (p of the difference < 0.05). When adjusted for body fat levels, leptin was higher in the control group than in the intervention group (p of the difference < 0.01). The mean weight gain was +2.91 (SD 6.66) Kg in the intervention and +3.33 (SD 4.47) Kg in the control groups, respectively (p not significant).ConclusionsSerum leptin levels significantly increased after smoking cessation, in spite of substantial weight gain. The leptin dynamic might be different in chronic tobacco users who quit smoking, and physical activity might impact the dynamic of leptin in such a situation.Clinical trial registration numberNCT00521391Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-911) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…However, other investigations could not confirm this finding (Prod'hom et al, 2013;Allen et al, 2013). Similarly in our study, we found no association between being on active NRT (vs placebo) and changes in BMI post-quitting.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

Predictors of Adherence, Withdrawal Symptoms and Changes in Body Mass Index: Finding from the First Randomized Smoking Cessation Trial in a Low-income Country Setting

Taleb¹

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However, there is a lack of information regarding these factors among smokers who attempt to quit in low-income country settings. The main objective of this study was to identify predictors of: 1) adherence to cessation treatment; 2) severity of withdrawal symptoms: and 3) post-cessation changes in body mass index among 269 smokers who attempted to quit in a randomized smoking cessation trial in a low-income country setting (Aleppo, Syria). All participants received behavioral counseling and were randomized to receive either 6 weeks of nicotine or placebo patch and were followed for one year.Findings from logistic regression showed that lower adherence to cessation treatment was associated with higher daily smoking, greater withdrawal symptoms, waterpipe use, being on placebo patch and the perception of receiving placebo patch. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) analyses indicated that throughout the study, lower total withdrawal score was associated with greater education, older age of smoking initiation, higher confidence in ability to quit, higher adherence to patch, lower nicotine dependence, lower reported depression, waterpipe use and the perception of receiving nicotine patches rather than placebo. Further, smoking abstainers gained vii 1.8 BMI units (approximately 4.8kg) greater than non-abstainers over one year post quitting. In addition, greater BMI was associated with being female, smoking to control weight and having previously failed to quit due to weight gain.In conclusion, nicotine dependence, waterpipe use and expectancies regarding cessation treatment are important factors that influence adherence to cessation treatment and severity of nicotine withdrawal symptoms. Moreover, targeted interventions that take into consideration the prevailing local and cultural influences on diet and levels of physical activity are recommended especially for females and smokers with weight concerns prior to quitting. Collectively, these findings will help in conducting future tailored effective cessation programs in Syria and other lowincome countries with similar levels of developments and tobacco use patterns.

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Predictors of Weight Change in Sedentary Smokers Receiving a Standard Smoking Cessation Intervention

Abstract: Sedentary smokers receiving a standard smoking cessation intervention experience a moderate weight gain, limited to the first 3 months. Older age, male sex, and higher nicotine dependence are predictors of weight gain.

Cited by 24 publications

References 39 publications

Metabolic effects of smoking cessation

Metabolic effects of smoking cessation

Leptin and smoking cessation: secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial assessing physical activity as an aid for smoking cessation

Predictors of Adherence, Withdrawal Symptoms and Changes in Body Mass Index: Finding from the First Randomized Smoking Cessation Trial in a Low-income Country Setting

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