Pregnancies following the export of frozen red deer embryos from New Zealand to Australia

Current progress in oocyte and embryo cryopreservation by slow freezing and vitrification

“…In some instances, appropriate model species were found. For example, studies on the domestic cat helped to develop various technologies, which were later applied to nondomestic cats (Dresser et al 1988, Pope et al 1994, Pope 2000 or cattle served as a model for other ungulates (Dixon et al 1991, Loskutoff et al 1995. Unfortunately, for many species (e.g.…”

Mammalian reproduction out of cryopreserved cells and tissues: current state of the art and future options

“…In some instances, appropriate model species were found. For example, studies on the Domestic cat Felis catus helped develop various technologies, which were later used in non-domestic felids (Dresser et al, 1988;Pope et al, 1994;Jewgenow et al, 1997;Pope, 2000;Jewgenow & Paris, 2006), or cattle, which served as a model for other ungulates (Dixon et al, 1991;Loskutoff et al, 1995). For other species (e.g.…”

Genome Banking for Vertebrates Wildlife Conservation

“…Slow freezing of red deer in vivo-produced embryos in 1.4M glycerol followed by embryo transfer in another country resulted in pregnancy rate ranging between 50 and 72% in different farms, with an average pregnancy rate of 61.2% (153/247) (Dixon et al, 1991). In another study, slow freezing was www.intechopen.com compared to vitrification by the OPS technique and fresh embryos as control (Soler et al, 2007).…”

“…By definition, however, each species has a unique reproductive specialization so, no matter how close we get with the aid of model animals, we must in the end gain access to the target species and verify that what worked in the model also works in the target. For example, studies on the domestic cat helped develop various technologies, which were later used in non-domestic cats (Dresser et al, 1988;Pope et al, 1994;, or cattle served as a model for other ungulates (Dixon et al, 1991;Loskutoff et al, 1995). Too often direct adaptation is not possible and either adjustments to protocols or complete revision are required, forcing researchers to settle for small animal study population, at times comprised of a single animal (e.g.…”

“…Another deer species in which embryos cryopreservation was attempted is sika deer (Cervus nippon nippon). Here, too, the protocol developed for the red deer (Dixon et al, 1991) was used. Of 142 oocytes collected following chemical synchronization, 57 (40.1%) cleaved after IVF and 14 of them reached the blastocyst stage.…”