Pregnancy through the Lens of Iranian Women with HIV

Moghadam, Zahra Behboodi; Khalajinia, Zohre; Nasrabadi, Alireza Nikbakht; Mohraz, Minoo; Gharacheh, Maryam

doi:10.1177/2325957415593636

Cited by 12 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Sample sizes ranged from 10 to 881 WLHIV who were interviewed or completed an individual questionnaire in a hospital (69.2%) or in a community-support group context. The authors of five papers (38.5%) reported on studies conducted in Iran [41,42,48,49,51], and five studies included an exploration of the SRH of men living with HIV [40,44,47,48,50].…”

Section: Characteristic Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For women who did not have a child prior to their diagnosis, the decision to have children was a way of achieving satisfaction and stability in their life [49]. For some Iranian WLHIV, pregnancy and motherhood were considered a primary reason for continuing their life and proof that they were 'complete women', with many considering motherhood an essential element in stabilizing their relationship with their spouse [42,46]. In a Lebanon study [46], WLHIV described how the chance to experience motherhood and have children generated hope for the future and meaning in their lives.…”

Section: Fertility Desirementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, some other WLHIV in Iran expressed no fertility desire [41,42,49,51], describing reasons such as having a living child, having children living with HIV, concern about transmitting HIV to their baby, fear of their children being harmed if their HIV diagnosis was disclosed, uncertainty about the future and their health, and experiences of stigma and discrimination from healthcare providers during their previous pregnancy as key contributing factors [41,42,46,49]. Low fertility desire was also influenced by perceived and enacted pressure from healthcare providers to not become pregnant [30].…”

Section: Fertility Desirementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies from Sudan and Iran [39,41,42,49] suggested that WLHIV experienced high-risk pregnancy and stressful perinatal events post-HIV diagnosis. The Sudan study by Adam and colleagues [39] found that respondents had higher rates of anaemia during pregnancy, spontaneous preterm births, and neonatal deaths than the control group of HIV-negative women.…”

Section: Perinatal Experiences and Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Sudan study by Adam and colleagues [39] found that respondents had higher rates of anaemia during pregnancy, spontaneous preterm births, and neonatal deaths than the control group of HIV-negative women. Pregnant Iranian WLHIV commonly experienced psychological distress concerning the impact of pregnancy on their health and that of their baby [41,42,49]. Some Iranian WLHIV described how distress associated with previous antenatal, delivery and postpartum care experiences influenced their fertility intention [41].…”

Section: Perinatal Experiences and Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexual and reproductive health of women living with HIV in Muslim-majority countries: a systematic mixed studies review

Juliastuti

Dean

Fitzgerald

2020

BMC Int Health Hum Rights

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Background: The number of women living with the human immunodeficiency virus (WLHIV) in Muslim-majority countries has increased significantly in the last decade. These women are often marginalized and face insecure sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs and rights. However, little is known about the multi-faceted factors influencing these women's fertility, contraceptive, and perinatal decisions and sexual life. This systematic mixed studies review aimed to synthesize the empirical evidence on social, cultural, and structural factors influencing the SRH of WLHIV in Muslim-majority countries. Methods: This review provides a synthesis of quantitative, qualitative and mixed-method research findings searched from PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL and Cochrane databases. We screened 3452 SRH studies involving WLHIV. The studies, published in English between 2008 and 2017, were from 20 Muslim-majority countries with increased numbers of WLHIV. The quality of eligible studies was appraised using a mixed-methods appraisal tool (MMAT) version 2011. Findings were thematically analysed by a hybrid deductive-inductive approach. Two independent reviewers were involved in the study selection, data extraction, quality appraisal, and data synthesis. Results: We included 13 SRH-related studies involving 1748 WLHIV in eight Muslim-majority countries. Most of these studies explored fertility desire and sexual health, while only a small proportion related to contraceptive use and the perinatal-care experience. We identified that WLHIV faced neglect of their SRH rights. These rights were predominantly affected by the socio-cultural, religious and health-services context of the women's lives, which directed them to unsafe sex practices and stressful perinatal experiences. Conclusions: This study points to the need for SRH laws, policies, and interventions which stop WLHIV experiencing SRH discrimination violence and achieving their SRH rights.

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Section: Characteristic Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fertility Desirementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fertility Desirementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Perinatal Experiences and Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Perinatal Experiences and Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexual and reproductive health of women living with HIV in Muslim-majority countries: a systematic mixed studies review

Juliastuti

Dean

Fitzgerald

2020

BMC Int Health Hum Rights

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Investigation of the effects of a prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission program among Iranian neonates

et al. 2018

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is mostly spreading in developing countries. One of the most important pathways of HIV infection in these nations is the vertical route, from mother to infant. Therefore, this study evaluated the effectiveness of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) program for HIV among Iranian neonates born to HIV-positive mothers. A total of 54 neonates born to HIV-1 positive mothers, all of whom were in a PMTCT program for HIV, as per the Iranian guidelines, were enrolled in this descriptive cross sectional study from March 2014 to July 2017. After RNA extraction of a plasma specimen, HIV-1 viral load was tested by an Artus HIV-1 RG RT-PCR Kit. Out of 54 evaluated neonates, 32 (59.3%) were male. The mean age of the HIV-infected mothers was 30.1 ± 5.4 (range: 19-47) years, and 36 (66.7%) of the mothers were in the age group 26-34 years. In the present study, it was found that none of the neonates whose mothers had previously entered PMTCT programs had HIV. 15 children were found who were born to HIV-positive mothers who had not entered the PMTCT program. Three of these children were infected with HIV (CRF35_AD), and none of them carried HIV-1 variants with SDRMs. The results of this study indicate that if HIV-positive pregnant women enter the PMTCT program for HIV, they can realistically hope to give birth to a non-infected child.

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Factors associated with the reproductive health of women living with HIV in Iran

Shikhansari

Khalesi

Rad

2022

European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductiv

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Background Insight on reproductive health status in women living with HIV is associated with improved psychological well-being, health behaviors, and physical wellness. The overall aim of this paper is to gain insight into the reproductive health of women living with HIV and related factors. Method An analytical cross-sectional study was carried on women living with HIV (N = 112) attending high-risk behavior consultation centers in Rasht and Tehran, Iran. The sampling of respondents was in the form of consecutive and available. The data gathering including questionnaires that were divided into three parts: sociodemographic and health characteristics, reproductive behaviors information, and reproductive health assessment tool for women living with HIV. Result The sub-dimension of responsible behavior received the highest total mean score (54.27 ± 22.18). The mean scores in the sub-dimension of coping with the diagnosis, life instability, disease disclosure, disease-related concerns, and support needs for self-care were 50.14, 49.23, 44.27, 40.08, 38.25, and 33.25 respectively. Conclusion The results clearly showed that the reproductive health situation of women living with HIV needs particular attention. Strategic planning and context-specific interventions are needed to improve women’s access and utilization of reproductive health services.

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Pregnancy through the Lens of Iranian Women with HIV

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

Sexual and reproductive health of women living with HIV in Muslim-majority countries: a systematic mixed studies review

Sexual and reproductive health of women living with HIV in Muslim-majority countries: a systematic mixed studies review

Investigation of the effects of a prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission program among Iranian neonates

Factors associated with the reproductive health of women living with HIV in Iran

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