Prekarizacija Standardnega in Nestandardnega Zaposlovanja v Sloveniji (2005–2019)

Abstract

Povzetek. Namen članka je opredeliti trende in razsežnosti prekarizacije standardnega in nestandardnega zaposlovanja v Sloveniji med gospodarsko depresijo in njegovo ponovno ekspanzijo. V literaturi so pojmi (ne)standardno, prekarno in neformalno delo nejasno definirani in slabo razločeni, zato jih najprej teoretsko začrtamo. Nato analiziramo spreminjanje sestave delovne sile v obdobju 2005–2019, kakor jo pokaže statistična analiza longitudinalnih mikropodatkov iz ankete Aktivno in neaktivno prebivalstvo (SURS). Ugotavljamo, da je segment prekarnega dela navzoč tako znotraj standardnega kakor nestandardnega zaposlovanja, da se prekarnost znotraj nestandardnega dela bržkone povečuje in da se s širjenjem nestandardnega dela povečuje tveganje prekarnega in neformalnega dela.

Regulation of temporary agency work and the modern labor market: a case study of Slovenia

“…Firstly, TAW agencies were discouraged from using fixed-term contracts for posted workers by introducing several benefits for employing workers on an indefinite basis, such as exempting these workers from the client organizations' quota, offering lower social contribution payments, and ensuring compensation between placements. By differentiating the rights and obligations that agencies had for workers on fixed-term versus indefinite-term contracts, the legislator reversed the fixed-term employment for posted workers, especially after the enactment of the ZDR-1 and the ZUTD-C in 2013 (Breznik 2018). Secondly, compensation for posted workers between placements, introduced in 2002, has only increased with subsequent amendments (in 2013 with the ZDR-1 and in 2023 with the ZDR-1C).…”

“…The case study approach was selected for its capacity to examine the identified variables in their actual context from diverse perspectives (Neuman 2014;Webley 2016). Slovenia was chosen due to the continuous and rapid evolution of the TAW model in the country, despite the presence of relatively strict labour laws, ongoing legislative reforms, and stringent, yet challenging enforcement (Breznik and Čehovin Zajc 2021).…”

“…It has increasingly become an integral part of client organizations' business strategies. Concurrently, as noted by Breznik (2018), this shift has heightened the risk of exploiting workers, particularly those with limited options in the unstable labour market conditions.…”

“…After the legislative changes in 2013, among the workers involved in TAW, the percentage of posted workers with indefinite-term employment contracts began to rise, surpassing the halfway mark in 2015 and reaching nearly 70 percent by 2018. This trend was spurred by the ZDR-1, which introduced a distinction in the status and rights of posted workers employed under fixed-term or indefinite-term contracts (Breznik 2018).…”

Pravna orodja premagovanja dohodkovne neenakosti: od družbene odgovornosti do družbene pravičnosti

“…Iz različnih analiz in raziskav (Kanjuo Mrčela in Ignjatovič, 2015;Grimshaw at al., 2016;Broughton, 2016;ILO, 2016;Breznik in Čehovin Zajc, 2021) je mogoče izluščiti tudi jasne trende glede deleža nestandardnih oblik zaposlitve v Sloveniji. V zadnjih desetih oz.…”