Preliminary characterization of material eluted from the roots of periodontally diseased teeth

Abstract

Eighteen periodontally diseased teeth and eleven normal teeth requiring surgical removal were each treated with one of four different solutions to elute potentially toxic material from their root surfaces. The solutions used were pyrogen‐free water, phenol‐water, trichloroacetic acid and citric acid. To define the composition of the eluted material, samples were analyzed for calcium, for ketodeoxyoctonic acid (KDO), a carbohydrate unique to Gram‐negative bacteria, and for limulus lysate activity. Limulus‐positive material was then analyzed for protein and nucleic acids and subjected to heat treatment, to the enzymes RNAse A and T1, and to lysozyme. It was found that TCA and citric acid removed more calcium and more toxic material from the root surface and subsurface than did either water or phenol‐water. The material extracted from 13 of the 18 diseased roots was limulus‐positive. Four of the limulus‐positive samples were also KDO‐positive, strongly indicating the presence of endotoxin in these samples. Neither these nor any of the other limulus‐positive responses were reversed or significantly reduced by exposure of samples to heat, to RNAse A and T1, or to lysozyme. In addition, limulus‐positive responses were unrelated to the amounts of protein and nucleic acids in the extracted material. When considered together, these preliminary characterizations indicate the presence of endotoxin in the material eluted from periodontally diseased teeth.

Induction of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1β in subcutaneously implanted chamber by lipopolysaccharide

“…These proteins are central mediators bacteria disseminated in the circulation3 and this phenomenon can be mimicked by the introduction of LPS into the circulation of experimental animals.7-9 In addition, the localized exposure of the periodontal tissues to LPS from bacterial plaque is considered to be part of the etiology of the inflammation associated with periodontal diseases. [10][11][12] Studies have shown that the systemic or local injection of LPS into experimental animals induces the production of inflammatory mediators.7-9, [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] However, while the kinetics and the quantitation of cytokine secretion in response to systemic LPS injection is well characterized, cytokine secretion in response to local injection of LPS has not been fully characterized due to technical and methodological difficulties. The subcutaneous chamberz° allows for the sampling and analysis of the inflammatory exudate by relatively simple means.…”

Tetracycline Conditioning Augments the In Vivo Inflammatory Response Induced by Cementum Extracts

“…[5][6][7] These toxins have the ability to stimulate inflammation in the host tissues. In addition, extracts of dental cementum scrapings taken from root surfaces that had been exposed to periodontal disease have been shown to activate bone resorption and to suppress cell proliferation.…”

Efeitos do condicionamento ácido na descontaminação da superfície radicular e no recobrimento radicular: análise em MEV e estudo clínico randomizado

“…Dentre os benefícios do condicionamento químico das superfícies radiculares, destacam-se a remoção da camada de indutos, desobliteração dos túbulos dentinários, exposição de colágeno, estímulo à cementogênese e osteogênese, descontaminação radicular, atividade antimicrobiana, adesão de células mesenquimais e inibição da migração apical do epitélio juncional (DALY, 1982;FINE et al, 1980;GARRET et al, 1980;PROYER, 1982;CATON, 1982;REGISTER;BURDICK, 1976;BOYKO et al, 1980).…”