Preliminary chemical characterization of unusual eubacterial exopolysaccharides of deep-sea origin

Guézennec, Jean; Pignet, Patricia; Raguénès, Gérard; Deslandes, Éric; Lijour, Y.; Gentric, Emilie

doi:10.1016/0144-8617(94)90073-6

Cited by 64 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Therefore, ion exchange chromatography seems to be a more accurate method for determining the sulphate content. Although sulphates are unusual components of microbial EPS, they have been described in those polymers deriving from microorganisms isolated from hypersaline habitats (Antó n et al, 1988;Matsuda et al, 1992;Guezennec et al, 1994). Sulphate polysaccharides provide interesting applications for the pharmaceutical industry as antiviral (Okutani, 1992), antitumoral (Inoue et al, 1988) and anticoagulant (Nishino et al, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of exopolysaccharides produced by 19 halophilic strains of the species Halomonas eurihalina

Béjar¹,

Llamas²,

Calvo³

et al. 1998

Journal of Biotechnology

111

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The formation, chemical composition and rheological properties of the exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by 19 strains belonging to Halomonas eurihalina have been compared in two different culture media. Our aim was to screen several strains isolated from saline soils to select those producing maximum EPS yield and good rheological properties. We found that MY medium was best for the production of EPS in all the strains studied. Maximum EPS production was 1.6 g l − 1 with strain H212 grown in this medium. The pattern of the chemical composition of the polysaccharides was affected by the strain in question and by the culture medium. All EPS studied had an unusually high sulphate content. Furthermore, the exopolymer from strain H96 contained significant amounts of uronic acid. EPS from strain H96, cultivated in defined NH medium, behaved in an interesting way rheologically; when the pH of the polymer solution was decreased to 3.0 a gel with a viscosity of 30 000 cP formed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacterial exopolysaccharides of industrial interest do not contain large amounts of uronic acid, with the exception of gelan and the bacterial alginates (Guezennec et al, 1994), which have gel forming properties (Roller and Dea, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of exopolysaccharides produced by 19 halophilic strains of the species Halomonas eurihalina

Béjar¹,

Llamas²,

Calvo³

et al. 1998

Journal of Biotechnology

111

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“…Since the discovery and exploration of many deep-sea hydrothermal ecosystems known for their extreme conditions, the search for EPS-secreting bacteria has been systematic (11,23,29). However, only a few EPS-secreting bacteria have been described (21,22,29,30), and all strains isolated previously from deep-sea hydrothermal ecosystems have been assigned to the genus Alteromonas.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrio diabolicus sp. nov., a New Polysaccharide-Secreting Organism Isolated from a Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Polychaete Annelid, Alvinella pompejana

Raguénès

Christen²,

Guézennec³

et al. 1997

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

Self Cite

177

109

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A deep-sea, facultatively anaerobic, heterotrophic, mesophilic new organism was isolated from the polychaete annelid Alvinella pompejana collected from a deep-sea hydrothermal field in the East Pacific Rise. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analyses, and DNA-DNA relatedness, this organism was identified as a new species of the genus Kbrio, for which the name Vibrio diabolicus is proposed. In batch cultures in the presence of glucose, this organism produced an innovative exopolysaccharide. This polymer had high contents of both uronic acids and hexosamines and was similar to other polysaccharides with interesting biological activities.Because of the interesting properties of polymers secreted by marine bacteria to enhance their survival in their natural environments, many scientists have isolated such bacteria and have characterized the exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced (2, 4, 14, [16][17][18]28). Since the discovery and exploration of many deep-sea hydrothermal ecosystems known for their extreme conditions, the search for EPS-secreting bacteria has been systematic (11,23,29). However, only a few EPS-secreting bacteria have been described (21,22,29,30), and all strains isolated previously from deep-sea hydrothermal ecosystems have been assigned to the genus Alteromonas. In the present study we describe the first Vibrio strain isolated from a deepsea hydrothermal vent and show that it is a member of a new species. MATERIALS AND METHODSBacterial strains. During the French-American cruise HERO in October 1991, samples of vent fluids, chimney rocks, invertebrate tissues, and seawater were collected by the French-manned submersible Nautile at a depth of 2,600 m in a rift system of the East Pacific Rise (8, 12) (12"48.13'N, 103"56.30'W). Samples were inoculated into marine 2216 broth (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Mich.) at pH 7.6 and incubated at 25°C for 24 to 48 h. Enrichment cultures were purified on marine 2216 agar (Difco) by using the same growth conditions. Pure cultures were maintained in 20% (vol/vol) glycerol at -20 and -70°C for use in future experiments and in liquid nitrogen for long-term storage. Three bacterial strains were isolated from the dorsal integument of the hydrothermal vent polychaete annelid Alvinella pompejana (6), which was collected from a dense population of annelids near the active hydrothermal vent ELSA. While we were searching for marine EPS-secreting bacteria, isolate HE800T was selected because of its ability to exhibit the most interesting swarming mucoid phenotype on marine 2216 agar (Difco) supplemented with glucose (30 @liter) after 3 days at 25°C.Vibno nereis LMG 3895T and Wbrio tubiashii LMG 10936T were obtained from the LMG Culture Collection (Ghent, Belgium). Vibrio mytili CECT 632T was a gift from the Coleccion Espanola de Cultivos Tip0 (Universidad de Valencia, Burjassot, Spain).Cytological characterization. Gram staining was carried out as described by Conn et al. (5). Conventional transmission electron microscopy was used to observe strain HE800T an...

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“…In subsequent experiments, the immunomodulatory and antiviral effects of the EPS-2 produced by B. thermodenitrificans were evaluated, since polysaccharides with high molecular mass exhibited immunogenic activity (Guezennec et al, 1994). Indeed, sulfated EPSs are known to interfere with the absorption and penetration of viruses into host cells and to inhibit various retroviral reverse transcriptases (Hayashi et al, 1996).…”

Section: Eps Produced By Extremophilic Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Polymers Produced by Extremophiles: Biosynthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Exopolysaccharides

2012

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Preliminary chemical characterization of unusual eubacterial exopolysaccharides of deep-sea origin

Cited by 64 publications

References 29 publications

Characterization of exopolysaccharides produced by 19 halophilic strains of the species Halomonas eurihalina

Characterization of exopolysaccharides produced by 19 halophilic strains of the species Halomonas eurihalina

Vibrio diabolicus sp. nov., a New Polysaccharide-Secreting Organism Isolated from a Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Polychaete Annelid, Alvinella pompejana

Bacterial Polymers Produced by Extremophiles: Biosynthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Exopolysaccharides

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