Preliminary Evaluation of The Acute Toxicity of Cypermethrin and λ-Cyhalothrin to Channa Punctatus

Kumar, Amit; Sharma, Bechan; Pandey, Ravi Shankar

doi:10.1007/s00128-007-9282-8

Cited by 60 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Kumar et al (2007) tested concentrations of 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6mg/L of Cypermethrin in Channa punctatus, which presented the first clinical signs after three hours of exposure, incompatible with this study, which observed that the aforementioned clinic signs have started before completing an hour of exposure. Galeb (2010) when exposing Silver catfish under Deltamethrin effects, observed that the body color of the animals changed, showing a whitish color; this result was also observed in this study, being more perceptible in post-mortem alterations; they also presented hemorrhagic dots and ulcerated lesions throughout their bodies.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

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Clinical, biochemical and haemathological effects in Rhamdia quelen exposed to cypermethrin

Montanha

Fredianelli

Wagner

et al. 2014

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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The acute intoxication of Cypermethrin in Silver Catfish (Rhamdia quelen) was evaluated. Animals weighing 56.67±4.43g and measuring 18.92±1.16cm were exposed to sublethal concentrations of Cypermethrin for the species in hydrological conditions during 96 hours. A total of 52 fish divided into three groups were used and received the following concentrations of Cypermethrin: 0 (n=12); 1.5 (n=20) and 2.5 (n=20)mg/L. The intoxicated animals suffered behavioral changes such as loss of balance, swimming alteration, dyspnea, upright swimming and sudden spiral swimming movements. As soon as the 96-hour period was over, a blood collection for hematological and biochemical analyses was performed. A complete haemogram test, plasmatic protein test, albumin, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were studied. The values of erythrocytes, hematocrits, haemoglobin, total number of leukocytes, thrombocyte, ALT, AST and ALP changed according to the groups. The results have shown that the environmental contamination by Cypermethrin is toxic to the species.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

“…Such results corroborate with Polat et al (2002), who tested Cypermethrin in guppies (Poecilia reticulata) and Borges (2007), who tested Cypermethrin in Silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). Kumar et al (2007), when exposing Channa punctatus to Cypermethrin, also reported such alterations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Clinical, biochemical and haemathological effects in Rhamdia quelen exposed to cypermethrin

Montanha

Fredianelli

Wagner

et al. 2014

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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“…The most important behavioral changes observed in this paper were related to breathing and neurological disorders; such alterations have corroborated conclusions of authors Polat et al (2002), Yilmaz et al (2004), regarding their testing of Cypermethrin in Guppies (Poecilia reticulata); Borges (2005) and Borges (2007) regarding their testing of Cypermethrin in Silver Catϐish (Brazilian "Jundiá", Rhamdia quelen) and Kumar et al (2007) who exposed Channa punctatus to Cypermethrin on their studies. The aforementioned authors have also related such alterations.…”

Section: Behavioral Changes and Mortalitysupporting

confidence: 89%

Pyrethroid toxicity in silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen

et al. 2012

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This study aimed to determine both the lethal and sublethal concentrations of Cypermethrin in young Silver Catϐish (Brazilian "Jundiá", Rhamdia quelen) on aquatic environment during 96 hours, as well as to determine the Cypermethrin and Deltamethrin sublethal concentrations during the initial embryonic development period of Rhamdia quelen, and to verify their respective rates of fertilization, hatching and survival. Pyrethroid nowadays is a widely used insecticide, which presents a high toxicity to ϐish. In order to determine lethal and sublethal concentrations, 120 silver catϐish were used; each one had an average weight of 59.58±4.50g and an average size of 20.33±2.34cm. Concentrations used were 0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0 and 20.0mg of Cypermethrin per liter of water (mg/L). Fish were exposed to the product in 30-liter ϐish tanks. In each ϐish tank there were four ϐishes and the product was applied three times, i.e., a total of twelve ϐish were exposed to the product at each application, and a total of 120 ϐish during the entire experiment (n=120). In order to determine the Cypermethrin and Deltamethrin sublethal concentrations during the initial embryonic development, ovulation induction was performed on female ϐishes using hormones, and then and egg collection was performed. The eggs were then hydrated and fertilized in Cypermethrin and Deltamethrin in different concentrations: 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0mg/L of Cypermethrin and 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0mg/L of Deltamethrin, in addition to the control group (0mg/L). After fertilization, the eggs were kept in containers with the respective pesticides of Cypermethrin and Deltamethrin until hatching, when hatching rate was veriϐied. Then the alevins, from the hatching, were kept on their respective concentrations of Cypermethrin and Deltamethrin so that the survival rate could be analyzed regarding the tested insecticides, during both 12-hour and 24-hour periods. Concerning the sublethal and lethal concentrations, Silver Catϐish was sensitive to the tested concentrations of Cypermethrin, showing symptoms of poisoning, such as loss of balance, swimming alteration, dyspnea (they kept their mouths and opercula open), upright swimming and sudden spiral swimming movements. The intensity of such symptoms varied in proportion to the concentration used. The concentrations above 3.0mg/L were considered lethal to the species, since every animal exposed to concentrations between 3.0 and 20.0mg/L had died, while concentrations between 1.0 and 2.5mg/L were considered sublethal. Deltamethrin during the initial embryonic development, the results show that both pyrethroids had signiϐicantly decreased the analyzed parameters when comparing them with the control group. It was concluded that, even with the ϐish being more resistant to pyrethroids in comparison with other species, both the young animals and the ones in stage of embryonic development were susceptible to the effects of these pesticides. Para determinação da concentração letal e subletal foram...

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“…But information on the toxicity of these pesticides to non-target aquatic organisms is scarce. Cypermethrin has already been reported as highly toxic to fish (Kumar et al 2007;Saha and Kaviraj 2008). Sporadically, it has also been reported that the toxicity of cypermethrin to fish varies with stereochemical structure (Polat et al 2002), mixtures of their isomers (Yilmaz et al 2004) and formulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cypermethrin induced stress and changes in growth of freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus

Majumder

Kaviraj

2017

Int Aquat Res

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Bioassays were conducted with technical grade and commercial formulation of cypermethrin using freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus as the test fish. The technical grade cypermethrin contained 92% active ingredient (a.i.) and the commercial formulation was an emulsified concentrate (EC) containing 10% a.i. (10% EC). Based on the actual concentration in water (2 h), the commercial formulation was found to be more acutely toxic to O. niloticus (96-h LC 50 = 4.85 lg/L) than the technical grade cypermethrin (96-h LC 50 = 9.74 lg/L). Exposure to sub-lethal concentrations (1.25, 2.5 lg/L) of commercial cypermethrin for 96 h produced stress on the fish, which was evident from the reduction of hepatic glycogen, reduction in the activities of alkaline phosphatase, acetylcholinesterase and catalase in liver and elevation of plasma glucose level and activities of hepatic acid phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. Exposure to these concentrations of cypermethrin for 14-28 days produced anaemia in fish. Long-term exposure (90 days) of the fish to these concentrations reduced the growth and deposition of protein and lipid in the body of fish as compared to control.It is concluded from this study that even minute concentration (1.25 lg/L) of cypermethrin (10% EC) in water can produce stress on fish. Long term exposure to such concentration of cypermethrin may also affect growth of the fish.

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Preliminary Evaluation of The Acute Toxicity of Cypermethrin and λ-Cyhalothrin to Channa Punctatus

Cited by 60 publications

References 13 publications

Clinical, biochemical and haemathological effects in Rhamdia quelen exposed to cypermethrin

Clinical, biochemical and haemathological effects in Rhamdia quelen exposed to cypermethrin

Pyrethroid toxicity in silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen

Cypermethrin induced stress and changes in growth of freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus

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