Preliminary Evidence Hints at a Protective Role for Boron in Urolithiasis

Naghii, Mohammad Reza; Einollahi, Behzad; Rahimi, Zohreh

doi:10.1089/acm.2011.0865

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It is speculated that alterations in steroids by boron, and the reduction of cytokines with a possible change in urine calcium concentration may have an impact on the prevention of stone formation or removal. 23 Therefore, it was decided to add boron to the supplemented complex used in this study. Other recent proposed properties of boron such as anticarcinogenic properties, 20,42–43 antioxidant capacity 21–22,44 and against brain oxidative stress 45 support a protective role for boron in the treatment of urolithiasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 Among dietary factors, evidence exists that boron may have antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties [20][21][22] and seems to have an impact on kidney stone removal, dissolving, or passing out with pain alleviation and cease of hematuria. 23 Moreover, the incidence of urolithiasis has been increasing throughout the past three decades, and the incidence is reported to be three times higher in men than in women, 24 mainly occurring in the third and fourth decades of life when the level of serum testosterone is also the highest. 25 The association between serum testosterone and urolithiasis has yet received only limited attention, the cause of this male predisposition is currently unknown, and the reason for this male predominance is obscure and two possibilities are possibly available, for example, either that male hormones may promote or that female hormones may inhibit kidney stone formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 Among dietary factors, evidence exists that boron may have antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties 20 –22 and seems to have an impact on kidney stone removal, dissolving, or passing out with pain alleviation and cease of hematuria. 23…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The efficacy of antioxidant therapy against oxidative stress and androgen rise in ethylene glycol induced nephrolithiasis in Wistar rats

et al. 2014

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Administration of natural antioxidants has been used to protect against nephrolithiasis. Urolithiasis was induced by ethylene glycol (EG) in Wistar rats. For 4 weeks, group 1 (control) was fed with a standard commercial diet. Group 2 received the same diet with 0.75% of EG. Group 3 received EG plus the diet and water added with antioxidant nutrients and lime juice as the dietary source of citrate (EG + AX). Group 4 same as group 3 with no EG in water. For 8 weeks, group 5 was fed the standard diet with EG in water for the first 28 days, followed by no EG. Group 6 received the diet with EG for the first 28 days, followed by discontinuation of EG and addition of antioxidant nutrients. Group 7 were provided the diet with antioxidant nutrients for 8 weeks. Group 8 received the diet with antioxidant nutrients for 4 weeks, followed by antioxidant nutrients with EG for the next 4 weeks. Blood samples were collected and kidneys were removed. The size and the mean number of crystal deposits in EG-treated groups was significantly higher than the EG-treated groups, added with antioxidant nutrients and lime juice. After 4 weeks, the mean concentration of malondialdehyde in group 2 was higher than the group 3, and significantly lower in group 4; and in groups 7 after 8 weeks, as well. After 8 weeks, supplementation developed less mean number of deposits in group 6 as compared to group 5; and in group 8, the crystal deposits was substantially less than either group 2 or group 5 (EG-treated rats). Elevated concentration of androgens (as promoters of the formation of renal calculi) as a result of EG consumption decreased following antioxidant supplementations. Results showed a beneficial effect of antioxidant and provided superior renal protection on treating and preventing stone deposition in the rat kidney.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The efficacy of antioxidant therapy against oxidative stress and androgen rise in ethylene glycol induced nephrolithiasis in Wistar rats

et al. 2014

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“…117 In preliminary studies, a small number of patients treated with boron had decreased urinary calcium levels without serious adverse effects. 118,119 However, more evidence is needed to be able to fully evaluate the clinical utility of boron supplementation. Given the increasing popularity of boron supplements for bone health, investigation of the effect of boron on lithogenesis would be worthwhile.…”

Section: The Elementome Of Urinary Stonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The elementome of calcium-based urinary stones and its role in urolithiasis

et al. 2015

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Urolithiasis affects around 10% of the US population with an increasing rate of prevalence, recurrence and penetrance. The causes for the formation of most urinary calculi remain poorly understood, but obtaining the chemical composition of these stones might help identify key aspects of this process and new targets for treatment. The majority of urinary stones are composed of calcium that is complexed in a crystalline matrix with organic and inorganic components. Surprisingly, mitigation of urolithiasis risk by altering calcium homeostasis has not been very effective. Thus, studies to identify other therapeutic stone-specific targets, using proteomics, metabolomics and microscopy techniques, have been conducted, revealing a high level of complexity. The data suggest that numerous metals other than calcium and many nonmetals are present within calculi at measurable levels and several have distinct distribution patterns. Manipulation of the levels of some of these elemental components of calcium-based stones has resulted in clinically beneficial changes in stone chemistry and rate of stone formation. The elementome—the full spectrum of elemental content—of calcium-based urinary calculi is emerging as a new concept in stone research that continues to provide important insights for improved understanding and prevention of urinary stone disease.

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Antioxidants inhibition of high plasma androgenic markers in the pathogenesis of ethylene glycol (EG)-induced nephrolithiasis in Wistar rats

et al. 2013

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The association between serum gonadal steroids and urolithiasis in males received only limited attention. Calcium oxalate urolithiasis is induced by administration of ethylene glycol in drinking water. It appears that the administration of natural antioxidants has been used to protect against nephrolithiasis in human and experimental animals. The purpose is to study the potential role of antioxidants as inhibitors of high plasma androgenic markers or hyperandrogenicity in the pathogenesis of ethylene glycol-induced nephrolithiasis in Wistar rats. Male Wistar rats were studied in 4-week period. Group 1 (control) was fed a standard commercial diet. Group 2 received the same diet with 0.5 % of ethylene glycol. Group 3 received EG plus the diet and water added with antioxidant nutrients and lime juice as the dietary source of citrate. Group 4 and Group 5 were treated similar to Group 2 and Group 3 with 0.75 % of ethylene glycol. For antioxidant supplementation, the standard diet enriched with 4,000.0 μg vitamin E and 1,500.0 IU vitamin A for each rat per day added to the diet once a week, and provided daily with 5.0 mg vitamin C, 400.0 μg vitamin B6, 20.0 μg selenium, 12.0 mg zinc, and 2.0 mg boron for each rat per day in their drinking water. After treatment period, collection of blood was performed and kidneys were removed and used for histopathological examination. The results based on various assays, measuring size of crystal deposition, and histological examinations showed that high concentration of androgens acts as promoter for the formation of renal calculi due to ethylene glycol consumption and the inhibitory role of antioxidant complex in the formation of renal calculi disease. Data revealed that the size and the mean number of crystal deposits determined in EG 0.75 % treated groups (G4) were significantly higher than the EG-treated groups, added with antioxidant nutrients and lime juice (G5). The mean concentration of androgens in Group 4 increased after EG 0.75 % administration, and decreased after antioxidants supplementation in Group 5. Elevated concentration of androgens (as promoters of the formation of renal calculi) as a result of EG consumption and their decreasing following antioxidant supplementations along with the slight decrease in malondialdehyde level provides a scientific rational for preventive and treatment roles of antioxidant nutrient complex in kidney stone disease.

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Preliminary Evidence Hints at a Protective Role for Boron in Urolithiasis

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

The efficacy of antioxidant therapy against oxidative stress and androgen rise in ethylene glycol induced nephrolithiasis in Wistar rats

The efficacy of antioxidant therapy against oxidative stress and androgen rise in ethylene glycol induced nephrolithiasis in Wistar rats

The elementome of calcium-based urinary stones and its role in urolithiasis

Antioxidants inhibition of high plasma androgenic markers in the pathogenesis of ethylene glycol (EG)-induced nephrolithiasis in Wistar rats

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