Preliminary Global Catalogue of Displacement Waves from Subaerial Landslides

Roberts, Nicholas J.; McKillop, Robin J.; Hermanns, Reginald L.; Clague, John J.; Oppikofer, Thierry

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-04996-0_104

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The wave generation mechanism involves a momentum transfer from the slide mass to the water column. Waves generated by extremely rapid gravity-driven subaerial mass movements are commonly referred to as impulse waves (Heller et al 2009) and may be observed in coastal areas as well as in inland waters (Roberts et al 2014). An impulse wave event involves three phases as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial Impulse Wave Generation and Propagation

Evers

Hager

Boes

2019

J. Waterway, Port, Coastal, Ocean Eng.

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Rapid landslides into water bodies may generate massive water waves posing a threat to riparian settlements and infrastructure. These waves are referred to as impulse waves and exhibit tsunami-like characteristics. The generation and in particular the spatial propagation of impulse waves was studied in a hydraulic laboratory wave basin. A videometric measurement system was applied to track the water surface displacement. Compared to fixed wave gauges typically applied in previous studies, this technique yields a quasi-continuous representation of the water surface allowing for a detailed analysis of spatial propagation patterns. In total 74 experiments with deformable mesh-packed slides were conducted thereby varying the slide impact velocity, the slide mass, the slide thickness, the slide width, the slide impact angle, and the stillwater depth. Empirically derived prediction equations are presented and discussed for key wave characteristics including wave amplitudes and celerities. In the context of a preliminary hazard assessment, these equations allow for the estimation of wave magnitudes at prototype-scale.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Risley et al (2006) conducted a hazard analysis of potential impulse wave overtopping at the Usoi landslide dam, Tajikistan. A global overview with 254 events covering both inland and coastal waters was compiled by Roberts et al (2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Impulse Wave Generation and Propagation

Evers

Hager

Boes

2019

J. Waterway, Port, Coastal, Ocean Eng.

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“…The momentum of the sliding mass is transferred to the mass of water turning into a set of giant waves able to travel relatively large distances and finally run-up the shorelines. This phenomenon, known as an impulse wave (Kamphuis & Bowering, 1970), landslide tsunami (Mader, 1999;Ward&Day,2001) or displacement wave (Hermanns, L'Heureux, & Blikra, 2013), can be highly destructive and difficult to predict as witnessed by past events in which thousands of people perished (Roberts, McKillop, Hermanns, Clague, & Oppikofer, 2014). A tsunamigenic landslide may be composed of blocks or loose granular material of different densities and with the presence or absence of water in the basis of its formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tsunamis generated by fast granular landslides: 3D experiments and empirical predictors

Bregoli

Bateman

Medina

2017

Journal of Hydraulic Research

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Landslides falling into water bodies can generate impulsive waves, which are considered as tsunamis. The propagating wave may be highly destructive for hydraulic structures, civil infrastructure and people living along the shorelines. A facility to study this phenomenon was set up in the laboratory of the Technical University of Catalonia. The setup consists of a new device releasing granular material at high velocity into a wave basin. A system employing laser sheets, high-speed and high-definition cameras was designed to accurately measure the high velocity and geometry of the sliding mass as well as the produced water displacement in time and space. The analysis of experimental data helped to develop empirical relationships linking the landslide parameters with the produced wave amplitude, propagation features and energy, which are useful tools for the hazard assessment. The empirical relationships were successfully tested in the case of the 2007 event that occurred in Chehalis Lake (Canada).

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“…The 1792 UnzenMayuyama megaslide (3.4 Â 10 8 m 3 ) was the greatest LGW disaster in the history of Japan with 15,000 fatalities (Unzen Restoration Office of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of Japan 2002). Roberts et al (2014) compiled a global catalogue of LGWs caused by SALs including 254 events from the fourteenth century AD to 2012. Norway, one of the most hazardous area in the world regarding SAL events, has endured three major rockslide-generated tsunamis of Leon, at 1905and 1936, and Tafjord, at 1934, with total 174 fatalities (Harbitz et al 2014).…”

Section: Subaerial Landslide-generated Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subaerial Landslide-Generated Waves: Numerical and Laboratory Simulations

Yavari-Ramshe

Ataie-Ashtiani

2017

Advancing Culture of Living With Landslides

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Subaerial landslide-generated waves (SALGWs) are among destructive hazards which have been not often studied in comparison with earthquake-generated tsunamis and submarine landslide-generated waves. This paper represents a brief review of the physical and numerical studies on SALGWs. Samples of the laboratory experiments are provided and it is highlighted that all the available data should be combined and studied collectively to overcome the discrepancies and improve our understandings of SALGWs. Commonly applied numerical approaches to simulate SALGWs are discussed. A Boussinesq-type model (LS3D) considering landslide as a rigid body, and a two-layer shallow-water type model (2LCMFlow) considering landslide as a layer of a Coulomb mixture are utilized to investigate the effects of landslide deformations on the characteristics of the landslide-generated waves (LGWs) based on a set of available experimental data. With a rigid landslide assumption, the maximum height of LGW is about 16% overstimated. Dense material deformes into a thick front-thin tail profile and induce a LGW consists of a larger wave crest than the wave trough while loose material shows a dam-break type behaviour with a LGW having a larger wave trough. A real case of SALGW is simulated by both models. The maximum LGW height predicted by the 2LCMFlow model which is closer to the physics is about 14% less than the equivalent value predicted by the LS3D model. On the other hand, the LS3D model, with the 4th order of accuracy of wave dispersion, simulates the LGW propagation stage more efficiently and with around 30% less runtime. Assessing the effects of the landslide initial submergence on the LGW characteristics shows that a semi-submerged, a submarine, and a subaerial landslides induce the largest wave crest, wave trough, and landslide runout distance, respectively. Combining different conceptual and mathematical models at the various stages of SALGWs initiation, propagation, transformations and runup can advance the current numerical practice, in this field, both from accuracy and computational efficiency point of views.

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Preliminary Global Catalogue of Displacement Waves from Subaerial Landslides

Cited by 33 publications

References 12 publications

Spatial Impulse Wave Generation and Propagation

Spatial Impulse Wave Generation and Propagation

Tsunamis generated by fast granular landslides: 3D experiments and empirical predictors

Subaerial Landslide-Generated Waves: Numerical and Laboratory Simulations

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