Preliminary report: Amino acid profile in platelets of diabetic patients

Luca, G. De; Calpona, Pina Rita; Caponetti, Angelo Giuseppe; Macaione, Vincenzo; Benedetto, A. Di; Cucinotta, Domenico; Giorgio, Rosa María Di

doi:10.1053/meta.2001.24193

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Deficiency of cysteine and glycine in diabetic humans also has been reported previously in the literature (14). Because catabolic processes of virtually all amino acids cycle through glutamate production, it is not surprising that glutamate levels were not different from those of nondiabetic subjects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Glutathione Synthesis Is Diminished in Patients With Uncontrolled Diabetes and Restored by Dietary Supplementation With Cysteine and Glycine

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVESustained hyperglycemia is associated with low cellular levels of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH), which leads to tissue damage attributed to oxidative stress. We tested the hypothesis that diminished GSH in adult patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes is attributed to decreased synthesis and measured the effect of dietary supplementation with its precursors cysteine and glycine on GSH synthesis rate and oxidative stress.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSWe infused 12 diabetic patients and 12 nondiabetic control subjects with [2H2]-glycine to measure GSH synthesis. We also measured intracellular GSH concentrations, reactive oxygen metabolites, and lipid peroxides. Diabetic patients were restudied after 2 weeks of dietary supplementation with the GSH precursors cysteine and glycine.RESULTSCompared with control subjects, diabetic subjects had significantly higher fasting glucose (5.0 ± 0.1 vs. 10.7 ± 0.5 mmol/l; P < 0.001), lower erythrocyte concentrations of glycine (514.7 ± 33.1 vs. 403.2 ± 18.2 μmol/l; P < 0.01), and cysteine (25.2 ± 1.5 vs. 17.8 ± 1.5 μmol/l; P < 0.01); lower concentrations of GSH (6.75 ± 0.47 vs. 1.65 ± 0.16 μmol/g Hb; P < 0.001); diminished fractional (79.21 ± 5.75 vs. 44.86 ± 2.87%/day; P < 0.001) and absolute (5.26 ± 0.61 vs. 0.74 ± 0.10 μmol/g Hb/day; P < 0.001) GSH synthesis rates; and higher reactive oxygen metabolites (286 ± 10 vs. 403 ± 11 Carratelli units [UCarr]; P < 0.001) and lipid peroxides (2.6 ± 0.4 vs. 10.8 ± 1.2 pg/ml; P < 0.001). Following dietary supplementation in diabetic subjects, GSH synthesis and concentrations increased significantly and plasma oxidative stress and lipid peroxides decreased significantly.CONCLUSIONSPatients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes have severely deficient synthesis of glutathione attributed to limited precursor availability. Dietary supplementation with GSH precursor amino acids can restore GSH synthesis and lower oxidative stress and oxidant damage in the face of persistent hyperglycemia.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Glutathione Synthesis Is Diminished in Patients With Uncontrolled Diabetes and Restored by Dietary Supplementation With Cysteine and Glycine

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recent biochemical studies reported increased doxSL levels and a concomitant decrease in the L-Ser content or increase in the L-Ala content in the plasma of patients with type II diabetes and metabolic syndrome (32)(33)(34)(35) (Table 4). Previous studies also showed that an increased L-Ala level and a simultaneously decreased L-Ser level in plasma and tissues are associated with experimental diabetes in mice and rats (Table 4) (36, 37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

l-Serine Deficiency Elicits Intracellular Accumulation of Cytotoxic Deoxysphingolipids and Lipid Body Formation

Esaki

Sayano

Sonoda³

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: L-Serine deficiency affects sphingolipid homeostasis. Results: Reduced L-serine promotes the accumulation of 1-deoxysphingolipids and the formation of lipid bodies. Conclusion: Diminished capacity for L-serine synthesis leads to a higher L-alanine to L-serine ratio and elicits the synthesis of 1-deoxysphingolipids and lipid body formation. Significance: 1-Deoxysphingolipids occur in certain disease conditions characterized by a metabolic imbalance between L-alanine and L-serine.

show abstract

“…GSH is synthesized from glutamate, cysteine, and glycine and diabetic patients have been shown deficient in both cysteine and glycine [17]. It is suggested that such a deficiency is due to a combination of impaired protein turnover and dietary deficiency [17].…”

Section: Consuming the Antioxidant Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is suggested that such a deficiency is due to a combination of impaired protein turnover and dietary deficiency [17]. Patients with uncontrolled T2D have 74% lower erythrocyte-reduced glutathione concentrations than nondiabetic control subjects, and a higher concentration of erythrocyte-oxidized GSSG.…”

Section: Consuming the Antioxidant Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes and Alzheimer Disease, Two Overlapping Pathologies with the Same Background: Oxidative Stress

Rosales-Corral

Tan

Manchester

et al. 2015

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There are several oxidative stress-related pathways interconnecting Alzheimer's disease and type II diabetes, two public health problems worldwide. Coincidences are so compelling that it is attractive to speculate they are the same disorder. However, some pathological mechanisms as observed in diabetes are not necessarily the same mechanisms related to Alzheimer's or the only ones related to Alzheimer's pathology. Oxidative stress is inherent to Alzheimer's and feeds a vicious cycle with other key pathological features, such as inflammation and Ca2+ dysregulation. Alzheimer's pathology by itself may lead to insulin resistance in brain, insulin resistance being an intervening variable in the neurodegenerative disorder. Hyperglycemia and insulin resistance from diabetes, overlapping with the Alzheimer's pathology, aggravate the progression of the neurodegenerative processes, indeed. But the same pathophysiological background is behind the consequences, oxidative stress. We emphasize oxidative stress and its detrimental role in some key regulatory enzymes.

show abstract

Preliminary report: Amino acid profile in platelets of diabetic patients

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

Glutathione Synthesis Is Diminished in Patients With Uncontrolled Diabetes and Restored by Dietary Supplementation With Cysteine and Glycine

Glutathione Synthesis Is Diminished in Patients With Uncontrolled Diabetes and Restored by Dietary Supplementation With Cysteine and Glycine

l-Serine Deficiency Elicits Intracellular Accumulation of Cytotoxic Deoxysphingolipids and Lipid Body Formation

Diabetes and Alzheimer Disease, Two Overlapping Pathologies with the Same Background: Oxidative Stress

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About