Prenatal and childhood arsenic exposure through drinking water and food and cognitive abilities at 10 years of age: A prospective cohort study

Vahter, Marie; Skröder, Helena; Rahman, Syed Moshfiqur; Levi, Michael; Hamadani, Jena Derakhshani; Kippler, Maria

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105723

Cited by 71 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Exposures to lead [ 1 , 2 , 3 ], cadmium [ 4 ], methylmercury [ 5 , 6 ], and arsenic [ 7 , 8 , 9 ] are known to reduce cognitive function and cause neurobehavioral effects in children. Lead exposures have been linked to declining child neurodevelopment, verbal abilities, and attention [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arsenic exposures in children aged 6–8 years have been linked to reduced cognitive performance even after adjusting for the effects of lead [ 7 , 8 ]. School-aged children with prenatal arsenic exposures showed a lasting negative effect on cognitive performance relating to full developmental scores, verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, and processing speed [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between Metal Exposures and Cognitive Function in American Older Adults

Sasaki

Carpenter

2022

IJERPH

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Cognitive function frequently declines with older age, independently of the development of neurodegenerative diseases, and few interventions are known to counter this decline. Exposure to neurotoxic metals may contribute to this decline in cognitive function in older adults. Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data, the performance of 3042 adults aged 60 years and older on three cognitive tests for immediate, delayed, and working memory were examined in relation to blood concentrations of seven metals and metalloids and urinary concentrations of nineteen metals and metabolites. Using linear regression models, associations between cognitive tests and logarithms of metal exposures were adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, education level, depression, diabetes, alcohol consumption, and cigarette use. Increased selenium was strongly associated with better performance on all three cognitive tests. Cadmium and lead were negatively associated with performance on all three cognitive tests. Some urinary metabolites of arsenic, urinary lead, cadmium, and tungsten were significantly associated with poor performance on some tests. In older adults, higher selenium levels were strongly associated with better cognitive performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Metal Exposures and Cognitive Function in American Older Adults

Sasaki

Carpenter

2022

IJERPH

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“…Of the studies that measured arsenic exposure, 8 measured arsenic levels in urine [ 36 , 37 , 40 , 42 , 43 , 98 – 100 ], 4 measured arsenic levels in water [ 38 , 40 , 41 , 43 ], 2 studies measured arsenic levels in hair [ 37 , 39 ], and one study measured arsenic levels in blood [ 37 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the 5 studies that measured prenatal arsenic levels, 3 reported no significant association between arsenic levels and neurodevelopment [ 43 , 98 , 99 ], and 2 found adverse associations [ 36 , 37 ]. One study reported that maternal arsenic levels in urine during pregnancy was negatively associated with the Verbal Intelligence Quotient (VIQ) and Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) for girls only [ 36 ], and the other reported that children with maternal urinary arsenic levels between 122 and 246 μg/L at early pregnancy had lower FSIQ scores compared to those with maternal urinary levels between 3.2 and 32.4 μg/L.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy metals and neurodevelopment of children in low and middle-income countries: A systematic review

et al. 2022

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Background The presence of harmful environmental exposures, which disproportionately affects low-and-middle income countries (LMICs), contributes to >25% of deaths and diseases worldwide and detrimentally affects child neurodevelopment. Few resources succinctly summarize the existing literature on this topic. Our objective is to systematically review and characterize the evidence regarding the relationship between heavy metals and neurodevelopment of children in LMICs. Methods We conducted a medical librarian-curated search on multiple online databases to identify articles that included individuals <18 years living in a LMIC, quantitatively measured exposure to a heavy metal (either prenatal or postnatal), and used a standardized measurement of neurodevelopment (i.e. cognitive, language, motor, and behavior). Reviews, editorials, or case studies were excluded. Results were analyzed qualitatively, and quality was assessed. Results Of the 18,043 screened articles, 298 full-text articles were reviewed, and 100 articles met inclusion criteria. The included studies represented data from 19 LMICs, only one of which was classified as a low-income country. Ninety-four percent of postnatal lead and all postnatal manganese studies showed a negative association with metal exposure and neurodevelopment, which were the strongest relationships among the metals studied. Postnatal exposure of mercury was associated with poor neurodevelopment in only half of studies. Limited data on postnatal arsenic and cadmium suggests an association with worse neurodevelopment. Findings were mixed for prenatal arsenic and lead, although some evidence supports that the neurotoxicity of lead was amplified in the presence of manganese. Conclusions and potential impact We found that lead and manganese appear to consistently have a detrimental effect on the neurodevelopment of children, and more evidence is needed for mercury, arsenic, and cadmium. Better characterization of these effects can motivate and inform prioritization of much needed international policies and programs to reduce heavy metal exposures for young children within LMICs.

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“… 3 iAs and its metabolites can cross the placenta, 25 and fetal exposure has been associated with lower birth weight 26 and adverse neurodevelopmental effects. 27 , 28 , 29 …”

Section: Arsenic Sources and Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Navigating a Two-Way Street: Metal Toxicity and the Human Gut Microbiome

Schmidt¹

2022

Environ Health Perspect

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Prenatal and childhood arsenic exposure through drinking water and food and cognitive abilities at 10 years of age: A prospective cohort study

Cited by 71 publications

References 50 publications

Associations between Metal Exposures and Cognitive Function in American Older Adults

Associations between Metal Exposures and Cognitive Function in American Older Adults

Heavy metals and neurodevelopment of children in low and middle-income countries: A systematic review

Navigating a Two-Way Street: Metal Toxicity and the Human Gut Microbiome

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