Prenatal oxidative balance and risk of asthma and allergic disease in adolescence

Abstract

Background: Fetal oxidative balance (achieved when protective prenatal factors counteract sources of oxidative stress) might be critical for preventing asthma and allergic disease. Objective: We examined prenatal intakes of hypothesized protective nutrients (including antioxidants) in conjunction with potential sources of oxidative stress in models of adolescent asthma and allergic disease. Methods: We used data from 996 mother-child pairs in Project Viva. Exposures of interest were maternal prepregnancy body mass index and prenatal nutrients (energy-adjusted intakes of vitamins D, C, and E; b-carotene; folate; choline; and n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFAs]), air pollutant exposures (residence-specific third-trimester black carbon or particulate matter with a diameter of less than 2.5 mm [PM 2.5 ]), acetaminophen, and smoking. Outcomes were offspring's current asthma, allergic rhinitis, and allergen sensitization at a median age of 12.9 years. We performed logistic regression. Continuous exposures were log-transformed and modeled as z scores. Results: We observed protective associations for vitamin D (odds ratio [OR], 0.69 [95% CI, 0.53-0.89] for allergic rhinitis), the sum of the n-3 PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (OR, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.66-0.99] for current asthma), and the n-3 PUFA a-linolenic acid (OR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.64-0.95] for allergen sensitization and OR, 0.80 [95% CI 0.65-0.99] for current asthma). Black carbon and PM 2.5 were associated with an approximately 30% increased risk for allergen sensitization. No multiplicative interactions were observed for protective nutrient intakes with sources of oxidative stress. Conclusions: We identified potential protective prenatal nutrients (vitamin D and n-3 PUFAs), as well as adverse prenatal pro-oxidant exposures that might alter the risk of asthma and allergic disease into adolescence.

Prenatal antioxidant-enriched and pro-oxidant-contained food, IL4 and IL13 pathway genes, and cord blood IgE

“…This study has some limitations. We did not use semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires 6 to collect information on prenatal nutrient intake, such as vitamin C, vitamin E, and folic acid. Instead, data on real foods were collected and analyzed, enabling us to suggest a potentially beneficial dietary combination.…”

“…Among prenatal environments, certain protective dietary nutrients (including antioxidants) and potential sources of oxidative stress (such as air pollutant exposures) have been shown to change the risk of childhood/adolescent allergy 6 , 7 . Among prenatal foods, fish, known as potential sources of antioxidants, are commonly studied 5 , 8 , 9 .…”

Sesamol Alleviates Airway Hyperresponsiveness and Oxidative Stress in Asthmatic Mice

“…Next, mice inhaled 2% OVA administered with an ultrasonic nebulizer for 30 min to induce asthma symptoms (DeVilbiss Pulmo-Aide 5650D, United States) on days 14, 17, 20, 23, and 27. Then, for 2 weeks (days [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27], in addition to their regular diet, each mouse group received a daily dose of saline (N and OVA groups), sesamol (S10 and S30 groups), or prednisolone (P group). On day 28, we calculated the AHR in all mice; then, on day 29, we sacrificed mice to investigate the asthma pathology, immune regulation, inflammation, and oxidative stress.…”

“…Asthma attacks can induce oxidative stress in the lung and attenuate lung function [22]. We homogenized mouse lung tissues to assay GSH and MDA levels.…”

Prenatal Fine Particulate Matter, Maternal Micronutrient Antioxidant Intake, and Early Childhood Repeated Wheeze: Effect Modification by Race/Ethnicity and Sex

“…Maternal dietary factors that reduce fetal vulnerability to oxidative stress may modify air pollution effects on early childhood wheeze programming, although this has not been studied. Limited studies that attempted to examine the interactions between prenatal PM 2.5 and antioxidant intake on respiratory health were conducted in animal/in vitro models [ 16 ] or in adolescents [ 17 ]. Furthermore, previous studies examining the effect of antioxidant intake on respiratory health at other life stages have mostly considered each antioxidant micronutrient one at a time separately in their analyses, while very few considered an overall or composite nutrient index [ 17 ].…”