Prenatal stress effects over two generations in rats

Pollard, Irina

doi:10.1677/joe.0.1090239

Cited by 50 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This increase in mortality was due to the surgery itself rather than the speci®c treatment: nearly all of the mortality occurred within a few days of surgical implantation, and the number of females that died did not dier signi®cantly between treatments. Surgical implantation also increased clutch abortion in comparison to non-implanted females, but the rate of abortion did not dier signi®cantly between B-and P-implanted females as found in other species (Pollard 1984(Pollard , 1986Wilson & Wing®eld 1992). Overall, surgical implantation approximately doubled mortality and the incidence of abortion in comparison to natural conditions.…”

Section: E F F E C T O F I M P L a N T A T I O Nmentioning

confidence: 58%

Increased pre‐natal maternal corticosterone promotes philopatry of offspring in common lizards Lacerta vivipara

Fraipont

Clobert

John³

et al. 2000

Journal of Animal Ecology

148

145

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Summary1. There is growing evidence that dispersal is highly phenotypically plastic, i.e. that dispersal is condition-dependent. In the common lizard, dispersal has even been shown to be in¯uenced by the maternal environment during pregnancy. Juveniles in good condition or issued from mothers in good condition disperse earlier or in higher numbers. 2. We hypothesized that plasma corticosterone was the proximate mechanism by which condition and dispersal are linked, and tested this by manipulating the level of circulating corticosterone in pregnant females of the common lizard. 3. After parturition, we measured juvenile attractiveness towards the mother and juvenile dispersal of corticosterone (B) and placebo (P) implanted females. 4. Ospring of B females did disperse in lower number than those of P females. B ospring were also more attracted by the mother's odour than P ospring. 5. In quite a few cases, the behavioural response of juveniles was dependent on the interaction between the hormonal treatment and the mother snout±vent length or condition (body weight corrected for snout±vent length). 6. Corticosterone constitutes therefore one of the proximate mechanisms involved in the prenatal control of juvenile dispersal in this species. Along with other results, it is proposed that prenatal control of dispersal has evolved in order to avoid competition between mothers and their ospring.

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Section: E F F E C T O F I M P L a N T A T I O Nmentioning

confidence: 58%

Increased pre‐natal maternal corticosterone promotes philopatry of offspring in common lizards Lacerta vivipara

Fraipont

Clobert

John³

et al. 2000

Journal of Animal Ecology

148

145

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“…Pollard [154] demonstrated that stress effects were persistent in second-generation rats bred from females whose own mothers had been stressed during pregnancy. It is noteworthy that these effects persisted into adulthood [154]. Daughters of physically stressed mothers are less fertile and less fecund than daughters of unstressed mothers [157,176,177].…”

Section: Hormones and Maternal Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonally mediated maternal effects, individual strategy and global change

Meylan¹,

Miles

Clobert

2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

102

108

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A challenge to ecologists and evolutionary biologists is predicting organismal responses to the anticipated changes to global ecosystems through climate change. Most evidence suggests that short-term global change may involve increasing occurrences of extreme events, therefore the immediate response of individuals will be determined by physiological capacities and life-history adaptations to cope with extreme environmental conditions. Here, we consider the role of hormones and maternal effects in determining the persistence of species in altered environments. Hormones, specifically steroids, are critical for patterning the behaviour and morphology of parents and their offspring. Hence, steroids have a pervasive influence on multiple aspects of the offspring phenotype over its lifespan. Stress hormones, e.g. glucocorticoids, modulate and perturb phenotypes both early in development and later into adulthood. Females exposed to abiotic stressors during reproduction may alter the phenotypes by manipulation of hormones to the embryos. Thus, hormone-mediated maternal effects, which generate phenotypic plasticity, may be one avenue for coping with global change. Variation in exposure to hormones during development influences both the propensity to disperse, which alters metapopulation dynamics, and population dynamics, by affecting either recruitment to the population or subsequent life-history characteristics of the offspring. We suggest that hormones may be an informative index to the potential for populations to adapt to changing environments.

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“…Under laboratory conditions, Mihok and Boonstra (1992) showed that the prior experience of decline-phase female meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) had long-term detrimental consequences for the performance of the next two generations. Laboratory studies have shown that a variety of pre-and postnatal stresses can have long-lasting effects and impair reproductive performance for one or two generations (Pollard 1986;Boonstra 1994). Similarly, in a field study, Mech et al (1991) showed that the mass and survival of fawns of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) were directly correlated with maternal nutrition during gestation.…”

Section: Increased Physiological Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does risk of predation influence population dynamics? Evidence from cyclic decline of snowshoe hares

Hik¹

1995

Wildl. Res.

203

157

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Like most heavily preyed-upon animals, snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) have to balance conflicting demands of obtaining food at a high rate and avoiding predators. Adopting foraging behaviours to minimise predation risk may also lead to a decline in condition, and hence fecundity. Predictions of three hypotheses (condition constraint hypothesis, predator-avoidance constraint hypothesis, predation-sensitive foraging (PSF) hypothesis) were tested by comparing changes in the survival and condition of snowshoe hares on four experimental areas in winter during a cyclic peak and decline (1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993) near Kluane Lake, Yukon, Canada, where (i) predation risk was reduced by excluding terrestrial predators (FENCE), (ii) food supply was supplemented with rabbit chow a d libitum (FOOD), (iii) these two treatments were combined (FENCE+FOOD), and (iv) an unmanipulated CONTROL was used.Different pattems of survival and changes in body mass were observed in the presence and absence of terrestrial predators. On the CONTROL area, female body mass and fecundity declined, even though sufficient winter forage was apparently available in all years. A similar decrease in body mass was observed on the FOOD treatment, but only during the third year of the population decline. In contrast, female body mass remained high throughout the decline in the absence of terrestrial predators in the FENCE+FOOD and FENCE treatments. Winter survival declined on CONTROL and FENCE areas during the first year of the population decline (1991), but remained higher on FOOD until 1992 and FENCE+FOOD until 1993. These results generally supported the PSF hypothesis where terrestrial predators were present (CONTROL and FOOD grids). Where terrestrial predators were absent (FENCE and FENCE+FOOD), the results supported the alternative condition constraint hypothesis. The evidence suggests that a cascade of sublethal behavioural and physiological effects associated with increased predation risk contribute to the population decline and delayed recovery of cyclic low-phase populations of snowshoe hares. IntroductionWhere predation is implicated in the regulation of prey populations, anti-predator behaviour will probably play a role in the process (Abrams 1989(Abrams , 1990(Abrams , 1992a(Abrams , 1992b(Abrams , 1992c(Abrams , 1993Matsuda and Abrams 1994). The theoretical basis for exploring this problem of a trade-off between gaining energy and avoiding predation has developed rapidly in recent years (Gilliam and Fraser 1987; Houston 1987, 1990;Ludwig and Rowe 1990;Brown 1992;Houston et al. 1993;Clark 1993Clark , 1994 Oksanen and Lundberg 1994). Numerous studies have investigated the effects of increased predation risk on foraging behaviour of small mammals (Holmes 1984;Kotler 1984;Anderson 1986; Desy et al. 1990;Lima and Dill 1990;Cassini and Galante 1992;Dickman 1992;Kotler et al. 1992;Saarikko 1992;Hughes et al. 1994), and in most of these studies increased risk of predation resulted in a shift in patterns of habitat use, diet and tim...

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Prenatal stress effects over two generations in rats

Cited by 50 publications

References 7 publications

Increased pre‐natal maternal corticosterone promotes philopatry of offspring in common lizards Lacerta vivipara

Increased pre‐natal maternal corticosterone promotes philopatry of offspring in common lizards Lacerta vivipara

Hormonally mediated maternal effects, individual strategy and global change

Does risk of predation influence population dynamics? Evidence from cyclic decline of snowshoe hares

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