Preparation and characterisation of synthetic mixtures of lithium isotopes

Qi, H. P.; Berglund, Michael; Taylor, Philip; Hendrickx, F.; Andre, Verbruggen; Bièvre, Paul De

doi:10.1007/s002160051013

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Nickel has five stable isotopes, 58 Ni, 60 Ni, 61 Ni, 62 Ni, and 64 Ni, with isotopic abundances of 68.1, 26.2, 1.1, 3.6, and 0.9 %, respectively, in naturally occurring terrestrial material. Isotopic variation among major inorganic compartments is very small, vanishing in the measurement uncertainty of 0.1−0.2 ‰ for δ 60/58 Ni SRM986 values.…”

Section: Coppermentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of international reference materials for isotope-ratio analysis (IUPAC Technical Report)

Brand

Coplen

Vogl

et al. 2014

Pure and Applied Chemistry

565

436

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Abstract:Since the early 1950s, the number of international measurement standards for anchoring stable isotope delta scales has mushroomed from 3 to more than 30, expanding to more than 25 chemical elements. With the development of new instrumentation, along with new and improved measurement procedures for studying naturally occurring isotopic abundance variations in natural and technical samples, the number of internationally distributed, secondary isotopic reference materials with a specified delta value has blossomed in the last six decades to more than 150 materials. More than half of these isotopic reference materials were produced for isotope-delta measurements of seven elements: H, Li, B, C, N, O, and S. The number of isotopic reference materials for other, heavier elements has grown considerably over the last decade. Nevertheless, even primary international measurement standards for isotope-delta measurements are still needed for some elements, including Mg, Fe, Te, Sb, Mo, and Ge. It is recommended that authors publish the delta values of internationally distributed, secondary isotopic reference materials that were used for anchoring their measurement results to the respective primary stable isotope scale.

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Section: Coppermentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of international reference materials for isotope-ratio analysis (IUPAC Technical Report)

Brand

Coplen

Vogl

et al. 2014

Pure and Applied Chemistry

565

436

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“…The minor isotope 6 Li is valuable as a nuclear source material for tritium production and as a neutron absorber in nuclear fusion. As a result, Li distributed commercially for use in laboratories may be depleted in 6 Li by as much as 80 % relative to its normal abundance, with a range in A r (Li) from 6.94 to >6.99 [94,95]. This range is much larger than that implied by the standard atomic weight for Li,6.941(2), for which reason CAWIA introduced a specific annotation to alert users of TSAW [16].…”

Section: Artificial Isotopic Variationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)

Laeter¹,

Böhlke²,

Bièvre³

et al. 2003

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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Republication or reproduction of this report or its storage and/or dissemination by electronic means is permitted without the need for formal IUPAC permission on condition that an acknowledgmentAbstract: A consistent set of internationally accepted atomic weights has long been an essential aim of the scientific community because of the relevance of these values to science and technology, as well as to trade and commerce subject to ethical, legal, and international standards. The standard atomic weights of the elements are regularly evaluated, recommended, and published in updated tables by the Commission on Atomic Weights and Isotopic Abundances (CAWIA) of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). These values are invariably associated with carefully evaluated uncertainties. Atomic weights were originally determined by mass ratio measurements coupled with an understanding of chemical stoichiometry, but are now based almost exclusively on knowledge of the isotopic composition (derived from isotope-abundance ratio measurements) and the atomic masses of the isotopes of the elements. Atomic weights and atomic masses are now scaled to a numerical value of exactly 12 for the mass of the carbon isotope of mass number 12. Technological advances in mass spectrometry and nuclear-reaction energies have enabled atomic masses to be determined with a relative uncertainty of better than 1 × 10 -7 . Isotope abundances for an increasing number of elements can be measured to better than 1 × 10 -3 . The excellent precision of such measurements led to the discovery that many elements, in different specimens, display significant variations in their isotope-abundance ratios, caused by a variety of natural and industrial physicochemical processes. While such variations increasingly place a constraint on the uncertainties with which some standard atomic weights can be stated, they provide numerous opportunities for investigating a range of important phenomena in physical, chemical, cosmological, biological, and industrial processes. This review reflects the current and increasing interest of science in the measured differences between source-specific and even sample-specific atomic weights. These relative comparisons can often be made with a smaller uncertainty than is achieved in the best calibrated "absolute" (= SI-traceable) atomic-weight determinations. Accurate determinations of the atomic weights of certain elements also influence the values of fundamental constants such as the Avogadro, Faraday, and universal gas constants. This review is in two parts: the first summarizes the development of the science of atomic-weight determinations during the 20 th century; the second summarizes the changes and variations that have been recognized in the values and uncertainties of atomic weights, on an element-by-element basis, in the latter part of the 20 th century.J. R. de LAETER et al.

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“…Since the beginning of the 1960s, thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) has almost always been the technique associated with isotopic calibration work based on the preparation and the use of multiple synthetic isotope mixtures [15][16][17][18]. Rosman [6] and Chang et al [1] used TIMS for their measurements, whereas Tanimizu et al [9] employed MC-ICPMS.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mass discrimination during MC-ICPMS isotopic ratio measurements: Investigation by means of synthetic isotopic mixtures (IRMM-007 series) and application to the calibration of natural-like zinc materials (including IRMM-3702 and IRMM-651)

Ponzevera

Quétel

Berglund

et al. 2006

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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A long known way of anchoring isotope ratio values to the SI system is by means of gravimetrically prepared isotopic mixtures. Thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) is the traditionally associated measurement technique, but multi-collector double focusing inductively coupled plasma (MC-ICP)-MS now appears to be an attractive alternative. This absolute calibration strategy necessitates that mass discrimination effects remain invariant in time and across the range of isotope ratios measured. It is not the case with MC-ICPMS and the present work illustrates, in the case of Zn isotopic measurements carried out using locally produced synthetic Zn isotope mixtures (IRMM-007 series), how this calibration strategy must be adjusted. First, variation in mass discrimination effects across the measurement sequence is propagated as an uncertainty component. Second, linear proportionality during each individual measurement between normalized mass discrimination and the average mass of the isotope ratios is used to evaluate mass discrimination for the ratios involving low abundance isotopes. Third, linear proportionality between mass discrimination and the logarithm of the isotope ratio values for n(67Zn)/n(64Zn) and n(68Zn)/n(64Zn) in the mixtures is used iteratively to evaluate mass discrimination for the same ratios in the isotopically enriched materials. Fourth, ratios in natural-like materials (including IRMM-3702 and IRMM-651) are calibrated by external bracketing using the isotopic mixtures. The relative expanded uncertainty (k = 2) estimated for n(68Zn)/n(64Zn) and n(67Zn)/n(64Zn) ratio values in the synthetic isotopic mixtures and the natural-like zinc samples was in the range of 0.034 to 0.048%. The uncertainty on the weighing (0.01%, k = 1) was the largest contributor to these budgets. The agreement between these results and those obtained with a single detector TIMS and with another MC-ICPMS further validated this work. The absolute isotope ratio values found for IRMM-3702-material also proposed as "delta 0" for delta-scale isotopic measurements-are n(66Zn)/n(64Zn) = 0.56397 (30), n(67Zn)/n(64Zn) = 0.082166 (35), n(68Zn)/n(64Zn) = 0.37519 (16), and n(70Zn)/n(64Zn) = 0.012418 (23). The derived Zn atomic weight value Ar(Zn) = 65.37777 (22) differs significantly from the current IUPAC value by Chang et al. [1]. Remeasurement, with isotopic mixtures from the IRMM-007 series, of the Zn isotope ratios in the same Chang et al. [1] material have revealed large systematic differences (1.35 (27)% per atomic mass unit) that suggest unrecognized measurement biases in their results.

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Preparation and characterisation of synthetic mixtures of lithium isotopes

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of international reference materials for isotope-ratio analysis (IUPAC Technical Report)

Assessment of international reference materials for isotope-ratio analysis (IUPAC Technical Report)

Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)

Mass discrimination during MC-ICPMS isotopic ratio measurements: Investigation by means of synthetic isotopic mixtures (IRMM-007 series) and application to the calibration of natural-like zinc materials (including IRMM-3702 and IRMM-651)

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