Preparation and characterization of acidified chitosan immobilized in epoxidized natural rubber

Raju, G. S. S.; Haris, Mas Rosemal Hakim Mas

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2016.05.005

Cited by 29 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Moreover, incorporation of gelatin reduces the mobility of rubber chains thus increasing stiffness and decreasing percent elongation at break. 30 The individual values are higher because of lower cross-link density attained in gelatin-based specimens which is due to the hindrance created during cross-linking by the presence of COOH group in gelatin structure.…”

Section: Tensile Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silanized silica compatibilization of NBR/gelatin blends for the production of green rubber products

Gill

Irfan

Saeed

et al. 2018

Journal of Elastomers & Plastics

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In this study, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR)–gelatin blends were prepared by conventional melt blending process at 40°C processing temperature and 50 r min−1 rotor speed in a Brabender-Plasticorder. Gelatin loading was varied from 10 to 50 phr. The extent of reinforcement was more prominent at 30 phr gelatin loading without compatibilization. Up to 30 phr gelatin loading, the tensile strength, abrasion resistance, and morphological properties of blends increased. After 30 phr gelatin loading, the toughness and abrasion resistance declined for samples containing 40 and 50 phr gelatin. However, cross-link density and hardness kept on increasing beyond 30 phr loading. At optimum loading of 30 phr of gelatin, 3, 3.5, and 4 phr of nano-silanized silica was added as a compatibilizer for further improvement in properties. After compatibilization of 30 phr gelatin sample with 4 phr of nano-silanized silica, the extent of reinforcement in terms of tensile strength was improved from 8.97 to 9.92 MPa.

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Section: Tensile Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silanized silica compatibilization of NBR/gelatin blends for the production of green rubber products

Gill

Irfan

Saeed

et al. 2018

Journal of Elastomers & Plastics

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“…The FT-IR spectra of the ENR-50, ENR-Biochar and ENR-CB at 10 phr loading are shown in Figure 6 . The characteristic vibrational absorption bands of ENR: 2961, 2923 and 2856 cm −1 are due to C–H stretchings of the –CH 3 – and –CH 2 – groups, 1660 cm –1 is due to the C=C stretching, 1448 and 1376 cm –1 are due to C–H bendings of the –CH 2 – and –CH 3 – groups, 1259 and 1018 cm –1 are due to C–O–C stretching and bending of the epoxide ring, 873 cm −1 is due to C–H bending attached to the epoxy group [ 31 ]. The locations of each frequency of the biocomposites are virtually identical to those of the ENR, as shown in the FT-IR spectra.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Eco-Friendly Spent Coffee/ENR50 Biocomposite in Comparison to Carbon Black

et al. 2021

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This study investigates the impact of spent coffee biochar (Biochar) compared to carbon black (CB) as a partial replacement for carbon black in epoxidized natural rubber (ENR). Particle size and elemental analysis were used to characterize the biochar and CB. Cure characteristics, tensile, thermal, and morphological properties on the effect of biochar and CB as filler were studied. It was found that incorporating 10 phr of spent coffee biochar could improve the composites’ tensile properties and thermal performance compared to carbon black. However, the addition of biochar significantly affects the maximum torque compared to CB and delays the vulcanization time. SEM study shows that biochar has a strong effect on the morphology of composite films. The FTIR graph reveals no substantial difference between compounds with biochar and CB. According to the thermal calorimetric study, the thermal stability of ENR-Biochar is higher than that of ENR-CB. Additionally, these findings suggest that the utilization of spent coffee as a sustainable biochar could be further explored, but little has been done in epoxidized natural rubber (ENR).

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“…Surprisingly, CT prepared in a dispersion form brought more considerable reinforcement, resulting in higher modulus, than other preparation methods, including CT acid solution mixed with NRL [ 23 ], and CT dry-mixed by a 2-roll milling process [ 24 ] as shown in Table 4 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous works, CT was used to blend with natural rubber (NR) or epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) to improve thermal resistance [ 16 ], mechanical properties [ 17 ], and electric properties [ 18 ] of rubber compounds. Several approaches have been reported for the preparation of NR/CT or ENR/CT biocomposites, including the solution mixing in which CT is dissolved in acid solution before being combined with NRL [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ] and the dry mixing in which CT is added directly into dry rubber on a 2-roll mill [ 24 ]. In the former, CT is entirely dissolved in distilled water containing 2% (v/v) acetic acid before being added into a mixture of NRL and curing agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan and Natural Rubber Latex Biocomposite Prepared by Incorporating Negatively Charged Chitosan Dispersion

2020

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Generally, natural rubber/chitosan (NR/CT) biocomposites could be prepared by either mixing natural rubber latex (NRL) with CT acid solution or mixing dry NR with CT powder on mixing equipment. In the present work, a new mixing method has been proposed and properties of the obtained NR/CT biocomposites are investigated. CT particles were prepared to have a negative charge that could be dispersed in water by using a ball mill before mixing with NRL. The effects of CT loading varied from 0 to 8 phr on latex properties and physical properties of NR/CT biocomposite films were focused. The results showed that the viscosity of NRL increased with increasing CT loading. With increasing CT loading from 0 to 8 phr, 300% modulus of the NR/CT biocomposite film increased, whereas the opposite trend was found for elongation at break. Additionally, the presence of CT in the biocomposite resulted in an increased elastic modulus (E’) in conjunction with enhanced antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus).

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Preparation and characterization of acidified chitosan immobilized in epoxidized natural rubber

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Silanized silica compatibilization of NBR/gelatin blends for the production of green rubber products

Silanized silica compatibilization of NBR/gelatin blends for the production of green rubber products

Preparation and Characterization of Eco-Friendly Spent Coffee/ENR50 Biocomposite in Comparison to Carbon Black

Chitosan and Natural Rubber Latex Biocomposite Prepared by Incorporating Negatively Charged Chitosan Dispersion

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