Aluminum-based amorphous alloys have excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance and are currently used in the form of coating materials for the protection of aircraft surfaces. In this study, AlCoCe alloy and powder are prepared, and then AlCoCe alloy coating is prepared on Q235 substrate by supersonic flame thermal spraying technology, and finally, the surface remelting modification treatment is carried out on the coating by current pulsed electron beam, and the transformation behavior of microstructure of the coating and the change of the corrosion resistance in this process are analyzed by structural characterization and corrosion experiment, to make clear the relationship between the structure of the coating and its corrosion resistance performance. After 15 current pulsed electron beam pulses, the coating surface formed a layer of dense and homogeneous composition of the amorphous structure of the treatment layer, when the number of pulses is higher, due to the heat of the substrate leads to a decrease in the cooling rate, which in turn will lead to the emergence of a crystalline structure of the surface treatment layer.