Preparation and Characterization of Polyester–Glycidyl Methacrylate PolyHIPE Monoliths to Use in Heavy Metal Removal

Abstract

Polyester-glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)-based poly(high internal phase emulsion)s (polyHIPEs) with 85% internal phase were prepared by using unsaturated polyester resin (UPR), glycidyl metahacrylate and divinylbenzene (DVB) or styrene (St) with triethanolamine (TEA) as an emulsifier in the presence of a porogen. Porous monoliths were obtained by a removal of internal phase after curing of dispersed phase at 80°C. Morphologies and surface properties of obtained porous monoliths were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Brunauner-Emmet-Teller (BET) molecular adsorption methods. Amine functionalization of epoxy groups of polyHIPEs was achieved by reactions with several amines such as 1,4-ethylenediamine (EDA), 1,6-hexamethylenediamine (HMDA), 4-aminosalicylic acid (ASA), 2-aminothiazole (ATAL), 4-aminobenzothiazole (ABTAL) and 2-phenylimidazole (PIAL), respectively. The functionalized polyHIPEs were characterized by elemental analysis and the best result was obtained with the 1,4-ethylenediamine (EDA) ligand. The adsorption capacities of the modified monoliths for Ag(I), Cu(II) and Cr(III) were determined under non-competitive conditions at room temperature. The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacities of the modified monoliths decrease in order of Ag(I) > Cu(II) > Cr(III) and polyHIPE with 2-phenylimidazole (PIAL) groups is the most effective adsorbent for heavy metal ions.

Synthesis and properties of polystyrene-based polyHIPEs reinforced with quadruple hydrogen bond functionality

“…These hierarchically porous materials, known as polyHIPEs, have huge amount of voids and windows (or throats, the small pores connecting the neighbor voids) by removal of the internal phase. PolyHIPEs have advantages such as high permeability, easy preparation, facile control of voids and windows size, etc., which are being considered for myriad applications such as in filtration media for separation [4][5][6][7][8], support for catalyst [9][10][11], scaffold for tissue engineering [12][13][14][15][16][17][18], adsorbent for scavenging [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] and storage for hydrogen [27,28].…”

Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Influence on Chromatographic Separation Using Polymeric High Internal Phase Emulsions

“…This decreased rigidity would compromise the material's ability to function as a high pressure stationary phase. An alternative potential strategy is to incorporate an additional component into the polymerisation mixture to increase the surface area of the material [17]. Previously, polymer monoliths have been chemically modified to allow for nanoparticle (NP) attachment as a means to increase surface area [18,19].…”

Synthesis and characterization of polyHIPE composites containing halloysite nanotubes

“…Moreover, polyHIPEs' bulk structure as compared to nano-materials in powder form has an advantage that polyHIPE material can be easily removed from aqueous solutions after the adsorption process. As it is reported in the literature; many polyHIPEs functionalized with different chemical agents for the removal of varied pollutants from aquatic media have served as alternative adsorbents (16)(17)(18). Pulko et al reported the removal of atrazine from aqueous solutions with functionalized 4-nitrophenylacrylate polyHIPEs (19).…”