Preparation and chromatographic evaluation of a newly designed steviol glycoside modified-silica stationary phase in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and reversed phase liquid chromatography

Preparation and evaluation of 2-methylimidazolium-functionalized silica as a mixed-mode stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction and anion-exchange chromatography

“…The key to develop MMC lies in the improvement of stationary phases with mixed-mode or multiple interactions. So far, two or more than two modes stationary phases have been reported, such as reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC)/hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) [4][5][6], RPLC/ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) [7][8][9], HIILC/IEC [10,11], RPLC/HIILC/IEC [12,13], etc. However, the literatures of HIILC/IEC mixed-mode stationary phase are relatively less.…”

Simultaneous analysis of nucleobases, nucleosides and ginsenosides in ginseng extracts using supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with single quadrupole mass spectrometry

“…For example, it is difficult to separate nucleosides, nucleobases and saponins in a single experiment using a C18 column in RP-LC mode [15]. Some analyses of nucleobases, nucleosides [28][29][30] and ginsenosides [31][32][33] in herbal medicines were already reported. Yet, only a few papers dealt with the analysis of these compounds by SFC [25][26][27].…”

“…Silica gel seems to be a promising stationary phase for the analysis of nucleosides, nucleobases [29,30] and ginsenosides [31,32], whose main retention mechanism is usually due to polar interactions (e.g., dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonding and ion-exchange) [29]. Therefore, a ZORBAX RX-SIL column was selected as the initial column in this research.…”

Novel imidazolium-embedded N,N-dimethylaminopropyl-functionalized silica-based stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction/reversed-phase mixed-mode chromatography

“…Since it could produce multiple interaction mechanisms between the stationary phases and analytes, complex samples with different characteristics could be efficiently separated via mixed-mode stationary phases. Recently, a variety of mixedmode stationary phases, including RPLC/anion-exchange chromatography [10][11][12][13][14], RPLC/cation-exchange chromatography [15], HILIC/anion-exchange chromatography [16][17][18], HILIC/cation-exchange chromatography [19], RPLC/NPLC/ anion-exchange chromatography [20], HILIC/RPLC/anionexchange chromatography [21,22], and HILIC/RPLC [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39], have been reported and further used for separation of both small molecules and macromolecules. For example, Sun et al [12] prepared benzimidazole modified silica-based stationary phase for RPLC/anion-exchange chromatography.…”