Preparation and performance of novel MEA with multi catalyst layer structure for PEFC by magnetron sputter deposition technique

Wan, Chieh-Hao; Lin, Ming-Yi; Zhuang, Qing-Huang; Chen, Lin

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.11.119

Cited by 46 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Increasing the Pt loadings at the cathode gradually increased the grain size of the Pt crystallites, and their porosity decreased as the deposition time increased, because of the aggregation of the Pt particles during sputtering deposition. In Figure (e, f), most of the carbon particles were covered by a thick deposited Pt layer, reducing the reaction area of the electrode .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sputtered Pt loadings of membrane electrode assemblies in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Lai

Huang

Tsai

et al. 2011

Int. J. Energy Res.

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SUMMARY The fabrication of electrodes use in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) by Pt sputter deposition has great potential to increase Pt utilization and reduce Pt loading without loss of cell performance. A radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputter deposition process (RF power = 100 W and argon pressure = 10−3 Torr) was adopted to prepare Pt catalyst layers of PEMFC electrodes. The effects of cathode Pt and Nafion loadings on membrane electrode assembly (MEA)/cell performance were investigated using cell polarization, cyclic voltammetry, AC impedance, and microstructure analysis. Among the tested MEAs with various cathode Pt loadings (0.02–0.4 mg cm−2), the one with 0.1 mg‐Pt cm−2 (grain size = 3.90 nm, mainly Pt(111)) exhibited the best cell performance (320 and 285 mW cm−2 at 0.44 and 0.60 V, respectively), which was similar to or better than those of some commercial nonsputtered/sputtered electrodes with the same or higher Pt loadings. The electrode Pt utilization efficiency increased as the Pt loading decreased. A Pt loading of greater than or lower than 0.1 mg cm−2 yielded a lower electrode electrochemical active surface (EAS) area but a higher charge transfer and diffusion resistance. Nafion impregnation (0.1 to 0.3 mg cm−2) into the sputtered Pt layer (Pt = 0.1 mg cm−2) noticeably increased the EAS area, consistent with the decrease of the capacitance of the electrode double layer, but did not improve MEA/cell performance, mainly because of the increase in the kinetic and mass transfer resistances associated with oxygen reduction on the cathode. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sputtered Pt loadings of membrane electrode assemblies in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Lai

Huang

Tsai

et al. 2011

Int. J. Energy Res.

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“…In addition, the electrode represents 40%, including 1.7% of Pt, of the total cost of PEMFCs [20]. Therefore such steps can substantially lower the MEA cost and reduce the weight and volume of PEMFCs [21]. The size of PEMFC is more important when PEMFCs are applied to microsystem technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis methods of low-Pt-loading electrocatalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cell systems

Esmaeilifar

Rowshanzamir

Eikani

et al. 2010

Energy

115

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“…The thickness of these layers is usually ≥10 μm [1,5,6]. Other methods for PEFC electrode preparation include electrodeposition [7,8], electroless deposition [9], dual ionbeam-assisted deposition [10,11] or sputtering [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability of Ultra-low Pt Anodes for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering

et al. 2010

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Anodes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC) with ultra-low platinum loadings (3, 15 and 25 μg Pt /cm 2 ) were prepared by sputter deposition of platinum onto carbon cloth covered with a microporous carbon layer. Platinum nanoparticles as well as agglomerates were observed by TEM for all investigated Pt loadings. Sputtered anodes with Pt loadings of 15 and 25 μg Pt /cm 2 can be operated at currents up to 2 A/cm 2 without voltage losses compared with a commercial anode with 500 μg Pt /cm 2 . Anode loadings of 3 μg Pt /cm 2 yield a similar PEFC performance only at low current densities (<0.5 A/cm 2 ). Longevity tests at constant current density (0.5 A/cm 2 ) show nearly constant cell voltages for up to 1,000 h for an anode loading of 25 μg Pt /cm 2 . Lower Pt loadings (3 and 15 μg Pt /cm 2 ) lead to more distinct voltage losses, probably caused by CO traces in the hydrogen reactant gas. The CO poisoning is in part reversible by (electro)chemical oxidation of CO.

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Preparation and performance of novel MEA with multi catalyst layer structure for PEFC by magnetron sputter deposition technique

Cited by 46 publications

References 18 publications

Sputtered Pt loadings of membrane electrode assemblies in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Sputtered Pt loadings of membrane electrode assemblies in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Synthesis methods of low-Pt-loading electrocatalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cell systems

Stability of Ultra-low Pt Anodes for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering

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