Preparation and properties of chitosan‐graft‐poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles using potassium diperiodatocuprate (III) as an initiator

Abstract

Graft copolymer nanoparticles prepared from chitosan (CS) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer were synthesized in aqueous solution by using potassium diperiodatocuprate [Cu(III)] as an initiator and characterized in terms of particle size, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal stability, and X-ray diffraction spectrometry. The results indicated that CS was covalently linked to poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and the resulting copolymers formed nanoparticles. These nanoparticles [prepared at 35 C, in a weight ratio of MMA/CS of 5 : 1 and with a Cu(III) concentration of 1.5 Â 10 À3 mol/L] were 54-350 nm in size, with a mean hydrodynamic diameter of 183 6 3 nm and were highly uniform in particle-size distribution, with a rather spherical shape and an obvious positive charge surface. The effect of reaction conditions such as Cu(III) concentration, reaction temperature, and the weight ratio of MMA/CS on the mean particle size was also investigated. Insulin-loaded nanoparticles were prepared, and their maximal association efficiency was up to 85.41%. The experiment of release in vitro showed that the nanoparticles gave an initial burst release followed by a slowly sustained one.

Biological and Mechanical Properties of Denture Base Material as a Vehicle for Novel Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles Loaded with Drug

“…Conferring to Dhana Lekshmi et al, 45 the drug content which is closer to the surface of the particles was responsible for an increased initial burst and the drug in the core of particles is responsible for a prolonged drug release from the polymer. 47 It is worthy to mention that the incorporation of HA-NP within the PMMA discs was able to relatively improve the MZ release from the resin discs, however resulting in a similar release profiles as depicted by the calculated "Similarity factor", (ƒ 2 ) value, whose value was 67. The dissolution profiles of F1 and F4 were compared by calculating the similarity factor (ƒ 2 ) as proposed by Moore and Flanner 49 which was defined using the following equation:…”

“…The antibacterial drug contained in the disc specimens, namely, MZ (20 mg/disc), demonstrated an initial high rate of release (burst effect) from the surface of PMMA discs during the first 3 days (22.06 % and 19.55 % for F1; HA-NP/PMMA discs and F4; PMMA discs, respectively) followed by a slower sustained release profile up to 30 days (31.59 % and 25.53 % for F1 and F4 discs, respectively) as shown in Figure 5a. [44][45][46][47][48] MZ release profiles showed a biphasic release phenomenon. The first phase gave high amounts of drug released followed by a second phase of sustained release profile with a much lower release amount Figure 5b.…”

Material encapsulation in poly(methyl methacrylate) shell: A review

“…It is suggested that the drug release from smaller PMMA capsules is faster than that from the larger ones due to a greater surface area subject to dissolution. The increase in drug to PMMA ratio also increases the release profiles of the drug . In some research studies, the effect of PMMA hydrophilicity on drug release from the capsules has been studied.…”