Abstract:Aqueous extract of gallnut is well known to have remarkable antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Gallnut is expected to be a safe antibacterial agent for textile application because it is a non-toxic natural substance. Thus, we applied gallnut extract to cotton fabrics using an infrared dyeing machine and a pad-dry-cure process, in order to develop multifunctional clothing material with no harmful side effect. Through this study, we found the optimum condition (via a pad-dry-cure process at 120 C/15 min) … Show more
“…11 b shows XRD patterns of the inner and outer layer of NPs-face mask blanks (pattern) and NPs-face mask samples. Characteristic peaks of cotton (cellulose I) are observed at 2θ= 14.91, 16.3, 22.67, and 34.12° while the peaks 22.67 and 25.38° correspond to polyester ( Doh et al, 2014 , Hong, 2014 , Shao and Wei, 2018 , da et al, 2020 ). Fig.…”
In the present contribution, two nationwide surveys of personal protective equipment (PPE) pollution were conducted in Peru and Argentina aiming to provide valuable information regarding the abundance and distribution of PPE in coastal sites. Additionally, PPE items were recovered from the environment and analyzed by Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and compared to brand-new PPE in order to investigate the chemical and structural degradation of PPE in the environment. PPE density (PPE m
−2
) found in both countries were comparable to previous studies. FTIR analysis revealed multiple polymer types comprising common PPE, mainly polypropylene, polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyester. SEM micrographs showed clear weathering signs, such as cracks, cavities, and rough surfaces in face masks and gloves. EDX elemental mapping revealed the presence of elemental additives, such as Ca in gloves and face masks and AgNPs as an antimicrobial agent. Other metals found on the surface of PPE were Mo, P, Ti, and Zn. XRD patterns displayed a notorious decrease in the crystallinity of polypropylene face masks, which could alter its interaction with external contaminants and stability. The next steps in this line of research were discussed.
“…11 b shows XRD patterns of the inner and outer layer of NPs-face mask blanks (pattern) and NPs-face mask samples. Characteristic peaks of cotton (cellulose I) are observed at 2θ= 14.91, 16.3, 22.67, and 34.12° while the peaks 22.67 and 25.38° correspond to polyester ( Doh et al, 2014 , Hong, 2014 , Shao and Wei, 2018 , da et al, 2020 ). Fig.…”
In the present contribution, two nationwide surveys of personal protective equipment (PPE) pollution were conducted in Peru and Argentina aiming to provide valuable information regarding the abundance and distribution of PPE in coastal sites. Additionally, PPE items were recovered from the environment and analyzed by Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and compared to brand-new PPE in order to investigate the chemical and structural degradation of PPE in the environment. PPE density (PPE m
−2
) found in both countries were comparable to previous studies. FTIR analysis revealed multiple polymer types comprising common PPE, mainly polypropylene, polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyester. SEM micrographs showed clear weathering signs, such as cracks, cavities, and rough surfaces in face masks and gloves. EDX elemental mapping revealed the presence of elemental additives, such as Ca in gloves and face masks and AgNPs as an antimicrobial agent. Other metals found on the surface of PPE were Mo, P, Ti, and Zn. XRD patterns displayed a notorious decrease in the crystallinity of polypropylene face masks, which could alter its interaction with external contaminants and stability. The next steps in this line of research were discussed.
“…The antioxidant ability of polyamide textiles dyed with violacein has not been examined before, so the direct comparison is not possible. Nonetheless, indicatively, the treatment of cotton fabrics with gallnut extract resulted in 100% scavenging activity of DPPH radicals ( Hong, 2014 ). On the contrary, the preparation of cotton fabrics coated with chitosan that contains biologically active antioxidant substances by Viola Tricolor did not present any scavenging activity ( Mocanu et al, 2013 ).…”
In the present study, crude bacterial extract containing violacein is investigated for the preparation of antimicrobial polyamide fabrics. The optimal culture conditions of Janthinobacterium lividum (JL) for maximum biomass and violacein production were found to be 25°C, pH 7.0, while the addition of ampicillin of 0.2 mg mL-1 in the small scale increased violacein production 1.3-fold. In scale-up trials, the addition of 1% (v/v) glycerol in a fed-batch bioreactor, resulted in fivefold extracted crude violacein increase with final concentration of 1.828 g L-1. Polyamide 6.6 fabrics were dyed following three different processes; through simultaneous fermentation and dyeing (SFD), by incubating the fabric in the sonicated bacterial culture after fermentation and by using cell-free extract containing violacein. Maximum color change (ΔE) and color strength (K/S) obtained for SFD fabrics were 74.81 and 22.01, respectively, while no alteration of fastness and staining of dye at acid and alkaline perspiration or at water was indicated. The dyed fabrics presented significant antifungal activity against Candida albicans, C. parapsilosis, and C. krusei, as well as antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and the S. aureus MRSA. We have shown that J. lividum cultures can be successfully used for violacein production and for simultaneous dying of fabrics resulting in dyed fabrics with antimicrobial properties without utilization of organic solvents.
“…Widely used natural fibre in the world around 35% of total world fibres is cotton which provides the natural comfort, soft hand, durability, visual appeal, good absorbency and reasonable strength [14,15] and these are the main reasons for selecting cotton fabrics in this study.…”
Fabric characteristics significantly depend on the physical properties of yarn and the qualities of rotor yarn greatly governed by processing parameters. The aim of this study is to observe the effect of processing parameters such as rotor diameter and speed on the physical properties of yarn in rotor spinning process. Mixing of spinning waste with the virgin cotton is a common phenomenon in rotor spinning. 0.11 sliver hank of 100% cotton fibre with 65% virgin cotton and 35% wastage was used to produce 12 Ne yarn. The favorable impact of processing parameters on the yarn characteristics were accessed by coefficient of variation (CVm %), imperfection index (IPI), hairiness, tenacity, count strength product (CSP) and force at break. The yarn qualities were improved with increasing of rotor speed and rotor diameter.
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