Preparation and properties of multi-functionalized cotton fabrics treated by extracts of gromwell and gallnut

Abstract

Extracts from the root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon (gromwell) have been used for many centuries as a natural red dye and crude drugs with excellent performance for wound healing. In particular, shikonin a major constituent of the gromwell colorant is reported to possess antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor activities, etc. Therefore, we tried to manufacture antimicrobial and antioxidant cotton fabrics for biocompatible clothing materials using the natural stuff and environmentally friendly process. In this study, cotton fabrics were dyed with the colorant extracted from the root of gromwell, and their properties were closely investigated. Consequently, we discovered that the cotton fabrics dyed with the extracts from the root of gromwell showed excellent antioxidant performance as well as antibacterial ability. Also, the functionalities and color fastness were improved by gallnut mordanting and cationization of the cotton fabrics.

Preparation and properties of multi-functional cotton fabric treated by gallnut extract

“…20 Even though pyrogallol also has antiseptic properties, the carboxyl groups in gallic acid derivatives are expected to be an important site to form esterification with hydroxyls in cotton cellulose. 11 Therefore, we suggested that in order to obtain a gallnut extract having a higher concentration of gallic acid derivatives, a lower temperature was recommendable for gallnut extraction.…”

“…Thus, the phenolic compounds were possibly incorporated into the cotton fabrics by esterification between the cellulose hydroxyl of the cotton fibers and carboxyl of the gallic acid and ellagic acid. 11 However, the ester C-O stretching peak was not identified from the FTIR spectrum because it overlapped the other C-O-C stretching peak of cellulose ranging from 1000 to 1300 cm À1 . 26 The spectrum change was identically observed in the cotton fabrics treated by the pad-dry-cure process as well (Figure 3(f)).…”

“…8 Hence, more recently, natural biocides, such as plant extracts and essential oils, 9 have become an interesting research subject. 10,11 These biocides are used in various fields, such as plant protection, food processing, packaging, medical fibers, etc. In particular, the choice of eco-friendly biocides has been dictated by pro-ecological trends and European Union (EU) regulations (EU Directive 98/8/EC), which have enforced the elimination of many commonly used synthetic biocides.…”

“…Among the natural biocides, gallnut extract is considered to be an attractive natural antibacterial agent for textile application, because it provides textile materials with excellent antibacterial ability as well as antioxidant properties, through a simple treatment. 11 A gallnut is a plant excretion produced when irritants are released by the larvae of gall insects, such as those of the Cynipidae family, the gall wasps. Gallnuts contain the highest naturally occurring level of tannin (gallotannin, 50-75%) and the smaller molecules gallic acid, ellagic acid, etc.…”

The examination of the effects of quercus aegilops extract used as natural mordant on colourfulness features of natural dyeing

“…Also, there are a lot of studies in which Quercus Aegilops (Figure1) extract used as bio mordant in this study was used as mordant and features such as colour, fastness, being antibacterial and antimicrobial were examined [11][12][13][14][15].…”