Preparation and properties of novel, flexible, lead‐free X‐ray‐shielding materials containing tungsten and bismuth(III) oxide

Chai, Herzl; Tang, Xiaobin; Ni, Minxuan; Chen, Feida; Zhang, Yun; Chen, Da; Qiu, Yunlong

doi:10.1002/app.43012

Cited by 43 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The attenuation coefficients against gamma radiation were studied for polyvinyl alcohol–polyethylene glycol–polyvinyl pyrrolidinone with zirconium oxide (PVA–PEG–PVP–ZrO 2 ) nanocomposites which showed to increase with zirconium oxide content (Agool et al 2017 ). Also, tungsten/bismuth oxide/methyl vinyl silicone rubber (W/Bi2O3/VMQ) composites exhibited higher X-ray-shielding properties in the X-ray energy ranging from 48 to 185 keV (Chai et al 2016 ). Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) with boron carbide, B 4 C, and tungsten, W, nanopowders were fabricated by solid-state intermixing and thermal pressing, and the gamma protection properties increased with tungsten content in the composite (Kaloshkin et al 2012 ).…”

Section: Polymer Composites For Gamma-radiation Shieldingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric composite materials for radiation shielding: a review

et al. 2021

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The rising use of radioactive elements is increasing radioactive pollution and calling for advanced materials to protect individuals. For instance, polymers are promising due to their mechanical, electrical, thermal, and multifunctional properties. Moreover, composites made of polymers and high atomic number fillers should allow to obtain material with low-weight, good flexibility, and good processability. Here we review the synthesis of polymer materials for radiation protection, with focus on the role of the nanofillers. We discuss the effectivness of polymeric materials for the absorption of fast neutrons. We also present the recycling of polymers into composites.

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Section: Polymer Composites For Gamma-radiation Shieldingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric composite materials for radiation shielding: a review

et al. 2021

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“…In the last two decades, a module known as simulation has gained lot of importance for evidence in the Industry Internet of Things (IIOT) [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. The simulation covers software tools with a background such as the Finite Element method, molecular dynamics, solid mechanics.…”

Section: Simulation and Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoceramic Composites for Nuclear Radiation Attenuation

et al. 2021

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The development of radiation attenuation materials with lean cross-sections is the need of the hour. However, the inherent threat of radiations accompanying these processes is of major concern. Thus, in an attempt to shield unnecessary radiations, several novel materials have been fabricated alongside the conventional materials available. Yet, there is a need for cost-effective, efficient shielding materials that have good mechanical strength and effective shielding properties. The present work investigates ceramic composite behaviors and radiation shielding capacity reinforced with lead oxide nano-powder. Developed nano-lead-based cement composites were subjected to mechanical tests to determine flexural and compressive strengths to check their suitability for structural applications. Further, the gamma attenuation test of the composites was conducted to determine their neutron absorption capacity. The addition of nano-leadoxide in the control beams was varied from 0.7 to 0.95 and 1 wt.% of the ceramic matrix. The percentage of nano-leadoxide that gives the best results in both enhanced properties and economic aspects was determined to be 0.6 wt.% of the cement.

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“…To minimize the risks of Pb exposure, there has been a constant effort to identify Pb-free X-ray shielding materials having comparable or better attenuation abilities than Pb-containing materials, with additional preferred properties such as transparency, flexibility, and self-healable. Examples of recent Pb-free X-ray shielding materials are: Bi 2 O 3 /polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composites [ 17 ], W/Bi 2 O 3 /high-functional methyl vinyl silicone rubber (VMQ) composites [ 18 ], W 2 O 3 /ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) composites [ 19 ], Bi 2 O 3 /wood/natural rubber (NR) composites [ 20 ], and Bi/high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites [ 21 ], in which Bi and W compounds act as alternative X-ray protectively fillers to Pb. It should be noted that the attenuation efficiencies of the mentioned materials vary depending on the filler types, contents, and the manufacturing process of the materials [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray Shielding, Mechanical, Physical, and Water Absorption Properties of Wood/PVC Composites Containing Bismuth Oxide

et al. 2021

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The potential utilization of wood/polyvinyl chloride (WPVC) composites containing an X-ray protective filler, namely bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) particles, was investigated as novel, safe, and environmentally friendly X-ray shielding materials. The wood and Bi2O3 contents used in this work varied from 20 to 40 parts per hundred parts of PVC by weight (pph) and from 0 to 25, 50, 75, and 100 pph, respectively. The study considered X-ray shielding, mechanical, density, water absorption, and morphological properties. The results showed that the overall X-ray shielding parameters, namely the linear attenuation coefficient (µ), mass attenuation coefficient (µm), and lead equivalent thickness (Pbeq), of the WPVC composites increased with increasing Bi2O3 contents but slightly decreased at higher wood contents (40 pph). Furthermore, comparative Pbeq values between the wood/PVC composites and similar commercial X-ray shielding boards indicated that the recommended Bi2O3 contents for the 20 pph (40 ph) wood/PVC composites were 35, 85, and 40 pph (40, 100, and 45 pph) for the attenuation of 60, 100, and 150-kV X-rays, respectively. In addition, the increased Bi2O3 contents in the WPVC composites enhanced the Izod impact strength, hardness (Shore D), and density, but reduced water absorption. On the other hand, the increased wood contents increased the impact strength, hardness (Shore D), and water absorption but lowered the density of the composites. The overall results suggested that the developed WPVC composites had great potential to be used as effective X-ray shielding materials with Bi2O3 acting as a suitable X-ray protective filler.

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Preparation and properties of novel, flexible, lead‐free X‐ray‐shielding materials containing tungsten and bismuth(III) oxide

Cited by 43 publications

References 19 publications

Polymeric composite materials for radiation shielding: a review

Polymeric composite materials for radiation shielding: a review

Nanoceramic Composites for Nuclear Radiation Attenuation

X-ray Shielding, Mechanical, Physical, and Water Absorption Properties of Wood/PVC Composites Containing Bismuth Oxide

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