Preparation and Properties of PVDF/Fe₃O₄ Nanofibers with Magnetic and Electret Effects and their Application in Air Filtration

Abstract

The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.201900856.Electrospun electret filter material is widely studied because of its excellent removal effect on particulate matter from air streams. Here, a kind of high efficiency and low pressure drop nanofiber (NF) membrane with both electret effect and magnetic effect is developed, and compounded it with glass fiber mesh and polyester (polyethylene terephthalate) mesh to prepare a sandwich structure of NF anti-haze window screen. Under the synergistic effect of magnetic particles, when the density is 2.06 g m −2 , the filtration efficiency of NF anti-haze window screen can reach 99.95% for the fine particles below 0.3 µm, while the filtration pressure drop is only 58.5 Pa, with good light transmittance and excellent breaking strength (6.32 MPa). Therefore, polyvinylidene fluoride/Fe 3 O 4 composite NF membrane has a potential application prospect in the field of air filtration.The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Global View and Trends in Electrospun Nanofiber Membranes for Particulate Matter Filtration: A Review

“…Generally, nanoparticles added to solutions correspond to SiO 2 , [ 62,85 ] PTFE, [ 86 ] BaTiO 3 , [ 84 ] Magnetic Fe 3 O 4 [ 87 ] for hydrophobicity and electret properties. Ag [ 88 ] for antibacterial and microbial properties.…”

Review on Polymeric, Inorganic, and Composite Materials for Air Filters: From Processing to Properties

“…[63] As shown in Table 1, several inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) such as TiO 2 , SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , BaTiO 3 , and Fe 3 O 4 were recently incorporated into the nanofibers during the electrospinning process to (i) reduce the fiber diameter and pore size, (ii) increase the porosity, surface roughness, and fiber strength, (iii) construct hierarchical structures, and (iv) release negative ions. [37,[64][65][66][67][68][69] For instance, PVA-PAA-SiO 2 -Ag composite fiber filters were produced by one-step electrospinning of a suspension containing poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), SiO 2 NPs, and AgNO 3 , whereas the latter two were used to decrease the fiber diameter and generate antibacterial silver NPs, respectively, as shown in Figure 4f. [37] Electrospinning of BaTiO 3 NPs in a PU/pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) solution yielded composite fibrous filters, which have a rough fiber surface and, thus, increased the surface area for enhanced pollutant capture, see Figure 4g.…”

“…[67] Carbonaceous inorganic materials such as graphene oxide (GO), AC, or CNTs were [45] f∅ 200 [37] f∅ 300-500 DEHS oil 0. [68] Pore size 1. GO/ PAN nanofibrous membrane on nonwoven substrate [70] f∅ 90-300 NaCl 2.5 99.97 0.5 8 1.03 Adsorption also incorporated in the electrospinning process, resulting in a comparable decrease in fiber diameter.…”

“…[96] The combination of PVDF with HAP in nanowool felts resulted in surface potentials as high as 13,260 V. [60] Moreover, the incorporation of materials with high dielectric constants such as BaTiO 3 or magnetic Fe 3 O 4 improves the charge storage and results in good electret performance. [64,68] Furthermore, the defects of MOFs such as ZIF-8 could polarize the surface of pollutants, which will then interact with the positively charged ZIF-8. [80,97] The incorporation of inorganic particle mixtures into polymers with strong surface potentials such as PVDF was found to support the release of negative ions, which effectively capture PM.…”

Ultrafine PVDF Nanofibers for Filtration of Air-Borne Particulate Matters: A Comprehensive Review

“…PVDF-Fe 3 O 4 nanofibrous membrane was developed with glass fiber mesh and PET as backing materials, where the magnetic properties of Fe 3 O 4 along with the ultrafine nanofiber structure led to a remarkable PFE of ~99.95% for PM 0.3 at a much lower pressure drop (58.5 Pa), which is far less than a conventional CNT quartz filter. This eventually increases the figure of merit of the nanonet, which is seemingly a useful anti-haze window screen material [ 120 ]. The critical concentration of nanoparticles was found to be 1%, after which the filtration efficiency becomes constant.…”