Preparation and Properties of Toluene-Diisocyanate-Trimer-Modified Epoxy Resin

Zhang, Xiongfei; Qiao, Liang; Lu, Xinzheng; Jiang, Linqi; Cao, Ting

doi:10.3390/polym11030416

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Its fracture exhibited a smooth surface and an even distribution of cracks, which is the typical pattern of a brittle fracture in fully cured epoxy resins. [ 25,75,76 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the use of natural hollow fibers from common milkweed to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy resin

Sanchez-Diaz

Ouellet²,

Elkoun

et al. 2023

Polymer Composites

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Milkweed floss was used as a reinforcement to develop lightweight epoxy composites with enhanced thermal insulating properties. Seed fibers from Asclepias Syriaca harvested in Quebec were used for this study. Some fibers were treated with acetone to remove their protective hydrophobic coating.Epoxy resin was blended with 15% w/w of native or acetone-treated milkweed floss to form prepregs. The prepregs were casted into molds, degassed, and compressed to produce the composites. The composites were passed through a post-curing phase before characterization. The composites and the epoxy resin alone were characterized to determine their density, porosity, thermal conductivity, thermal degradation, mechanical resistance, and thermo-mechanical behavior. The composites reinforced with native or acetone-treated milkweed floss were 7.4% and 10.3% lighter than the epoxy resin, respectively. The specific elastic modulus of the resin increased by 9.6% and 20.1% with the addition of native or acetone-treated fibers, respectively. The thermal conductivity of the epoxi decreased by 7.8% and 15.6% with the use of native or acetonetreated milkweed floss, respectively. Due to their low weight and reduced thermal conductivity, the milkweed-reinforced epoxy composites may find applications in the production of structural and insulating elements for vehicles and buildings.

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“…Its fracture exhibited a smooth surface and an even distribution of cracks, which is the typical pattern of a brittle fracture in fully cured epoxy resins. [ 25,75,76 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the use of natural hollow fibers from common milkweed to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy resin

Sanchez-Diaz

Ouellet²,

Elkoun

et al. 2023

Polymer Composites

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Degradation occurred between 300-400 • C and was caused by the decomposition of some organic components in the PU structure. The fourth stage occurred between 400-500 • C; this stage of degradation was attributed to the decomposition of isocyanate trimers [21]. The thermal stabilities of the composite foams (PU-WG-3, EPU-WG-3, EPUP-WG-3) were investigated with TGA under a nitrogen atmosphere.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Performance Enhancements of Low-Heat-Releasing Polyurethane Grouting Materials with Epoxy Resin and Water Glass

et al. 2022

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Polyurethane (PU) grouting materials possess excellent fluidity and strong injectability. However, the high heat release during the reaction process restricts its application. In this study, with the addition of water glass (WG), a prepolymer was prepared by epoxy resin reacted with isocyanate to form modified polyurethane. The effects of epoxy resin and water glass on the compressive properties, expansion rate, structure of the cell, and maximum reaction temperature of the grouting materials were also investigated. The results showed that the cell size of modified PU was smaller and more regular, the maximum reaction temperature of the modified PU was reduced to 89 °C, and the compressive strength and expansion rate went up to 0.27 MPa and 57, respectively. This investigation will expand the application of PU grouting materials in underground engineering.

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“…The results showed an increase in impact and compressive strength as a function of increasing PUP content up to 16.7 wt % and a decrease afterwards. At 16.7 wt % of PUP, the compressive strength reached 184.8 MPa and the impact strength 76.6 kJ/m 2 , which was attributed to the flexible segments of toughener and also to the formation of graft-IPN structures [ 51 ]. An overview of different IPN based systems is presented in Table 1 , in terms of toughener content, morphology, investigated properties and key findings.…”

Section: Ipn Based Epoxy Systems With Thermoplastic Toughenersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, the impact strength and tensile strength also observed to increase as a function of increasing toughener content up to a certain level and then decrease with further addition of toughener. This particular behavior is usually linked with the formation of toughener rich domains, which can inhibit the development of IPN structure [ 50 , 51 ]. Therefore, the toughener content is a crucial parameter to control the mechanical characteristics, i.e., fracture toughness, of the modified epoxy system.…”

Section: Ipn Based Epoxy Systems With Thermoplastic Toughenersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An overview of different IPN based systems is presented in Table 1, in terms of toughener content, morphology, investigated properties and key findings. Similarly, the modified epoxy system prepared by the graft copolymerization between PU and commercial epoxy resin (E-44) has also been reported in literature [51]. The soft PU phase was synthesized from 2,4-toluene diisocyanate trimer (TDIT) and poly(propylene glycol) (PPG).…”

Section: Effect Of Toughener Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toughening of Epoxy Systems with Interpenetrating Polymer Network (IPN): A Review

2020

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Epoxy resins are widely used for different commercial applications, particularly in the aerospace industry as matrix carbon fibre reinforced polymers composite. This is due to their excellent properties, i.e., ease of processing, low cost, superior mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. However, a pure epoxy system possesses some inherent shortcomings, such as brittleness and low elongation after cure, limiting performance of the composite. Several approaches to toughen epoxy systems have been explored, of which formation of the interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) has gained increasing attention. This methodology usually results in better mechanical properties (e.g., fracture toughness) of the modified epoxy system. Ideally, IPNs result in a synergistic combination of desirable properties of two different polymers, i.e., improved toughness comes from the toughener while thermosets are responsible for high service temperature. Three main parameters influence the mechanical response of IPN toughened systems: (i) the chemical structure of the constituents, (ii) the toughener content and finally and (iii) the type and scale of the resulting morphology. Various synthesis routes exist for the creation of IPN giving different means of control of the IPN structure and also offering different processing routes for making composites. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current state-of-the-art on toughening of epoxy matrix system through formation of IPN structure, either by using thermoplastics or thermosets. Moreover, the potential of IPN based epoxy systems is explored for the formation of composites particularly for aerospace applications.

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Preparation and Properties of Toluene-Diisocyanate-Trimer-Modified Epoxy Resin

Cited by 19 publications

References 38 publications

Investigating the use of natural hollow fibers from common milkweed to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy resin

Investigating the use of natural hollow fibers from common milkweed to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy resin

Preparation and Performance Enhancements of Low-Heat-Releasing Polyurethane Grouting Materials with Epoxy Resin and Water Glass

Toughening of Epoxy Systems with Interpenetrating Polymer Network (IPN): A Review

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