The members of the family of oxygen-defective fluorites R 2 MoO 6-δ (R = Tb, Dy, Y, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb) have been synthesized under reducing conditions and characterized in order to evaluate their potential use as anodes in intermediatetemperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs). A neutron powder diffraction (NPD) investigation demonstrates that they are all cubic, in the Fm3m space group, exhibiting a random distribution of R and Mo cations over the metal sites of the fluorite structure with crystallographic formula MO 2-δ/3 (M = R 2/3 Mo 1/3 ), Z = 4. These materials are highly oxygen-deficient fluorites with oxygen stoichiometries ranging from 5.2(1) (R = Y, Tm) to 4.8(1) (R = Tb, Dy, Ho, and Er) oxygen atoms per formula unit, accompanied by high values of the displacement parameters at room temperature (ca.