“…Moreover, solid phase extraction (SPE), adsorption, dry digestion, ion exchange chromatography and biosorption are available in addition to magnetic separation and electrostatic separation. The supporting practices which used in the physical ore extraction are usually such as activated charcoal, silica gel, activated alumina, zeolites, membranes and synthetic polymeric resins (Nasab et al, 2011;Ashour et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2016b;Amaral et al, 2017;Hidayah, and Abidin, 2017;Quinn et al, 2017;Rivera et al, 2018;Cao et al, 2019;Ponou et al, 2019;Gupta et al, 2019;Chen et al, 2019;Léniz-Pizarro et al, 2021). Very strong acids carry out in the solvent extraction during the extraction process of REEs and then these chemicals leach out into the environment and be transported through water bodies and cause the acidification of aquatic environments.…”