Preparation of a hybrid monolithic stationary phase with allylsulfonate for the rapid and simultaneous separation of cations in capillary ion chromatography

Abstract

A hybrid monolithic column with sulfonate functionality was successfully prepared for the simultaneous separation of common inorganic cations in ion-exchange chromatographic mode through a simple and easy single-step preparation method. The strong cation-exchange moieties were provided directly from allylsulfonate, which worked as an organic monomer in the single-step reaction. Inorganic cations (Li(+), Na(+), K(+), NH4(+), Cs(+), Rb(+), Mg(2+), Ca(2+), and Sr(2+)) were separated satisfactorily by using CuSO4 as the eluent with indirect UV detection. The allysulfonate hybrid monolith showed a better performance in terms of speed and pressure drop than the capillary packed column. The number of theoretical plates achieved was 19,017 plates/m (in the case of NH4(+) as the analyte). The relative standard deviations (n = 6) of both retention time and peak height were less than 1.96% for all the analyte cations. The allysulfonate hybrid monolithic column was successfully applied for the rapid and simultaneous separation of inorganic cations in groundwater and the effluent of onsite domestic wastewater treatment system.

Preparation of a Boronate‐Functionalized Affinity Silica Hybrid Monolith Column for the Specific Capture of Nucleosides

“…The longer branches of TEO and APTES than TMO and γ‐MAPS could contribute to these macropores and higher surface area . The structure with homogeneous macropores could improve the permeability and decrease through resistance of the mobile phase in further usage . Moreover, the higher surface area could increase the modification efficiency of boronate affinity ligand and better capacity in cis‐diol ‐containing compounds capturing application.…”

“…Polymer‐based monoliths have an excellent pH stability and are generally prepared by direct polymerization of boronate affinity ligand with other functional monomers or indirectly immobilizing boronate affinity ligand on a polymer monolith column . However, there are some insurmountable shortcomings, such as swelling in organic solvent, lack of mechanical stability and peak symmetry for small molecules, still hindering the application. As an alternative, silica monoliths combine the advantages of organic and inorganic monolith, such as easy fabrication, less shrinkage and good tolerance in organic solvents.…”

Development of Micro-Flow-Controlled Techniques and Novel Stationary Phases in Capillary Liquid Chromatography

“…Besides the dynamic coating of the silica-based monoliths as well as polymerization of methacrylate-based monoliths with postmodification of the functional groups, we also fabricated a hybrid organic-silica monolithic capillary column with sulfonate functionality for the rapid and simultaneous separation of cations via a simple and easy "one-pot" reaction [77]. Allylsulfonate that worked as an organic monomer in the single-step reaction provided strong cation-exchange moieties directly, and this stationary phase was successfully applied for the rapid and simultaneous separation and determination of inorganic cations in groundwater and the effluent of onsite domestic wastewater treatment system.…”

Preparation of a long‐alkyl‐chain‐based hybrid monolithic column with mixed‐mode interactions using a “one‐pot” process for pressurized capillary electrochromatography

“…have held an impressively strong position in all of chromatography for their easy fabrication, satisfactory pH stability, good mechanical stability, and high permeability [3][4][5][6][7].…”