“…With the use of the HIUS technology, the main processing can be improved such as controlling certain undesirable microorganisms, inactivating some enzymes, reducing the time of fermentation, enhancing cellular growth and proliferation, accelerating acidification, promoting enzyme activities, and increasing substrate transfer rate (Gholamhosseinpour & Hashemi, 2019; Nguyen et al, 2009). As shown in Figure 4, HIUS can be employed in wide areas of milk processing such as pasteurization (Scudino et al, 2020), fermentation (Abesinghe et al, 2019), microorganism inactivation (Akdeniz & Akalın, 2020; Arroyo et al, 2011; Bermúdez‐Aguirre & Barbosa‐Cánovas, 2008), extraction (Rathnakumar et al, 2021), homogenization (Aernouts et al, 2015; Liu et al, 2021), microfiltration (Zhang et al, 2021), ultrafiltration (Jin et al, 2014; Jin et al, 2017), creaming (Juliano et al, 2011; Leong, 2020), viscosity decreasing (Desphande & Walsh, 2017), dissolution (Wu et al, 2020; Yebra et al, 2004), and so on. Table 1 represents the applications of HIUS in the milk industry with their mechanism and results.…”