Preparation of basalt-based glass ceramics

Abstract

Local and conventional raw materials?massive basalt from the Vrelo locality on Kopaonik mountain?have been used as starting materials to test their suitability for the production of glass-ceramics. Crystallization phenomena of glasses of the fused basalt rocks were studied by X-ray phase analysis optical microscopy and other techniques. Various heat treatments were used and their influences, on controlling the microstructures and properties of the products were studied with the aim of developing high strength glass-ceramic materials. Diopside CaMg(SiO3)2 and hypersthene ((Mg,Fe)SiO3) were identifies as the crystalline phases. The final products contained considerable amounts of a glassy phase. The crystalline size was in range of 8?480 ?m with plate or needle shape. Microhardness, crashing strength and wears resistence of the glass-ceramics ranged from 6.5?7.5, from 2000?6300 kg/cm2 and from 0.1?0.2 g/cm, respectively.

Structural characterization of plasma sprayed basalt–SiC glass–ceramic coatings

“…Thermal spray is, in many cases, superior to other coating technologies with regard to process control and economic issues [5]. Plasma-sprayed ceramic coatings have been widely used for structural applications in order to improve resistances to wear, corrosion, oxidization, erosion, and heat [6].…”

The mechanisms of cavitation erosion of raw and sintered basalt

“…It is a cheap and widespread raw material for the production of glass and glass ceramics by the processes of sinter crystallization, melting, casting and thermal treatment. Glass-ceramics based on basalt have a very fine and homogeneous structure, excellent physical and mechanical properties, chemical resistance, high wear and corrosion resistance and can replace metallic materials in the construction of structural parts of equipment in metallurgy and mining [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Technical ceramic based on basalt find application in all industrial branches where the problem with the chemical resistivity and wearability is actual: electrical engineering, chemical engineering, metallurgy and mining [12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Cavitation Wear of Basalt-Based Glass Ceramic

“…Basalt-related research from the Vrelo–Kopaonik deposit showed that it is a compact core of the basic volcanic stone with texture varying from massive to fluid. This stone rock is an easily melted material that can be used as a raw material for both glass and glass ceramics production with specific mechanical properties, high strength and low abrasiveness [1,2,3,4,5]. The basic oxides determining the quality of basalt melt in the glass ceramic products are SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO, MgO.…”

“…Raw basalt and basalt-based glass ceramic products are used as substitutes for natural stone used for coating devices and worn parts of various plants, especially in cement industry—for mineral raw materials container storages, coke baskets and various ores, classifiers, and mixers [4,9]. Basalt is a cheap and widespread raw material used in production of glass and glass ceramics [3,4,5,11], as well as for synthesis of new materials and products such as basalt wool, basalt fibers, basalt plastics, basalt armatures, and composite materials widely used for manufacturing parts and equipment in mechanical engineering, shipbuilding, and construction industries [12,13,14,15,16]. Basalt stone processing technology is an environmentally-friendly one and the products respectively obtained are not carcinogenic [2].…”