Preparation of carbon fibers coated with epoxy sizing agents containing degradable acetal linkages and synthesis of carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRPs) for chemical recycling

Aoki, Ryosuke; Yamaguchi, Ayaka; Hashimoto, Tamotsu; Urushisaki, Michio; Sakaguchi, Toshikazu; Kawabe, Kentaro; Kondo, Keiichi; Iyo, Hirohumi

doi:10.1038/s41428-019-0202-7

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Epoxy resins are widely used in a variety of applications from structural materials to modern devices due to their excellent thermal and mechanical properties [1][2][3] . Also, since there is a degree of freedom in selecting epoxy as the base resin and amine as the curing agent, it is possible to select an appropriate mixture suitable for the desired properties by combining them, which is another factor for widening the application [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Size Effect on Curing Process for Epoxy and Amine Mixture

Yamamoto

Tanaka

2021

J. Soc. Rheol., Jpn

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The curing process of epoxy and amine mixtures was investigated from the viewpoint of molecular size of reactants via all-atom molecular dynamics simulation. Of four mixtures composed of either smaller or larger epoxy and amine molecules, the system of both smaller epoxy and amine reached the highest conversion at a given time, whereas the conversion for the combination of both larger epoxy and amine was the lowest. These can be explained in terms of their diffusion coeffi cients. In addition, the size effect on the reaction kinetics was more striking for epoxy than amine in the curing process. This was because epoxy reacted only once but amine did twice. When the primary amine reacted with epoxy, the resultant secondary amine was incorporated into the three-dimensional network. Hence, even if the primary amine had a higher mobility, the movement of the part after the reaction slowed down, making the further reaction to be the tertiary amine slow. Finally, it was shown that although the smaller epoxy reacted faster than the larger one in the mixed system of larger/smaller epoxy and amine, there was no difference in the reaction progress depending on the molecular size of amine.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Size Effect on Curing Process for Epoxy and Amine Mixture

Yamamoto

Tanaka

2021

J. Soc. Rheol., Jpn

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“…With G-CF2, the cake is completely blocking the liquid flow and the filtration becomes very slow. We suspect that the epoxy-coating on the CF [37] is partially dissolved in the acidic treatment and/or interacting with the PEDOT particles to form a very dense cake.…”

Section: Improving the Dewatering Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manufacturing Poly(3,4‐Ethylenedioxythiophene) Electrocatalytic Sheets for Large‐Scale H₂O₂ Production

Ahmed

Ding

Ail

et al. 2021

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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Producing thick films of conducting polymers by a low‐cost manufacturing technique would enable new applications. However, removing huge solvent volume from diluted suspension or dispersion (1–3 wt%) in which conducting polymers are typically obtained is a true manufacturing challenge. In this work, a procedure is proposed to quickly remove water from the conducting polymer poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene:poly(4‐styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) suspension. The PEDOT:PSS suspension is first flocculated with 1 m H2SO4 transforming PEDOT nanoparticles (≈50–500 nm) into soft microparticles. A filtration process inspired by pulp dewatering in a paper machine on a wire mesh with apertures dimension between 60 µm and 0.5 mm leads to thick free‐standing films (≈0.5 mm). Wire mesh clogging that hinders dewatering (known as dead‐end filtration) is overcome by adding to the flocculated PEDOT:PSS dispersion carbon fibers that aggregate and form efficient water channels. Moreover, this enables fast formation of thick layers under simple atmospheric pressure filtration, thus making the process truly scalable. Thick freestanding PEDOT films thus obtained are used as electrocatalysts for efficient reduction of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide, a promising green chemical and fuel. The inhomogeneity of the films does not affect their electrochemical function.

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“…[24,25] However, most commercial size agents are thermosetting sizing agent that are suitable for epoxy resin. [26][27][28][29] The decomposition temperature of thermosetting sizing agent is considerably lower than the processing temperature for thermoplastic composites, and thermosetting sizing agent would deteriorate during the preparation of composites, thus reducing their interfacial adhesion. Furthermore, solvent-based size agents are still used by a percentage of commercial sizing agents, which can have a variety of negative impacts on the environment, manufacturing costs, and production safety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel waterborne g‐CPP sizing agent for the interfacial enhancement of SCF/PP composites

Wang

et al. 2022

Polymer Composites

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To enhance the interfacial adhesion of short carbon fiber (SCF) reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites, a new modified chlorinated polypropylene resin (g‐CPP) was synthesized and utilized to manufacture the sizing agent for SCF. The findings of thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry showed that g‐CPP had high thermal characteristics, with its glass transition temperature (Tg) raised by 11°C.The g‐CPP sizing agent that has been developed has increased storage stability (particle size was 109.8 nm). The contact angle of SCF was reduced from 81.52° to 60.04° after sizing, and the surface free energy was raised from 29.31 mN/m soared to 47.13 mN/m. The SCF/PP composites with 1 wt% sizing agent demonstrated the best interfacial adhesion, with improvements in flexural and tensile strengths of 54% and 39%, respectively. The interfacial reinforcement mechanism of sizing agent to improve interfacial adhesion was investigated. This work proposes an attractive way for the future preparation of high‐performance SCF/PP composites.

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Preparation of carbon fibers coated with epoxy sizing agents containing degradable acetal linkages and synthesis of carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRPs) for chemical recycling

Cited by 30 publications

References 20 publications

Molecular Size Effect on Curing Process for Epoxy and Amine Mixture

Molecular Size Effect on Curing Process for Epoxy and Amine Mixture

Manufacturing Poly(3,4‐Ethylenedioxythiophene) Electrocatalytic Sheets for Large‐Scale H₂O₂ Production

A novel waterborne g‐CPP sizing agent for the interfacial enhancement of SCF/PP composites

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Preparation of carbon fibers coated with epoxy sizing agents containing degradable acetal linkages and synthesis of carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRPs) for chemical recycling

Cited by 30 publications

References 20 publications

Molecular Size Effect on Curing Process for Epoxy and Amine Mixture

Molecular Size Effect on Curing Process for Epoxy and Amine Mixture

Manufacturing Poly(3,4‐Ethylenedioxythiophene) Electrocatalytic Sheets for Large‐Scale H2O2 Production

A novel waterborne g‐CPP sizing agent for the interfacial enhancement of SCF/PP composites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Manufacturing Poly(3,4‐Ethylenedioxythiophene) Electrocatalytic Sheets for Large‐Scale H₂O₂ Production