Preparation of carboxymethyl cellulose‐g‐poly (acrylamide)/montmorillonite superabsorbent composite as a slow‐release urea fertilizer

Abstract

A superabsorbent composite was synthesized through free‐radical graft copolymerization of carboxymethyl cellulose, acrylamide, and montmorillonite by means of a crosslinker such as N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide and potassium persulfate as an initiator. The preparation mechanism was proposed, and the composite structures were confirmed by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscope. The factors influencing the swelling capacity of the composite were determined to accomplish the highly swelling capacity. The composition (15 wt% carboxymethyl cellulose, 5.4 wt% montmorillonite, 82 wt% acrylamide, 0.07 wt% N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide, and 1.1 wt% potassium persulfate) exhibited high swelling capacity; it was selected to be loaded with urea fertilizer, and the release was investigated by measuring the conductivity. The results showed that the new controlled release system has good slow release properties.

Potential Sustainable Slow-Release Fertilizers Obtained by Mechanochemical Activation of MgAl and MgFe Layered Double Hydroxides and K2HPO4

“…Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), an environmentally friendly polymer, has been used in CRF/SRF formulation, due to its biodegradable properties and water swelling capacity that allow control of NPK nutrient release by soil moisture conditions [ 42 , 43 ]. SRF based on inorganic compounds (silica, clay minerals) have been formulated with CMC in order to improve the swelling properties and mechanical strength of the SRF nanocomposites [ 44 ].…”

Controlled‐release fertilizer based on poly(butylene succinate)/urea/clay and its effect on lettuce growth

“…(3), was used. This model was developed for a soluble drug, being used to describe the release of urea as well . Besides that, Peppa's model allows knowing whether the predominant mechanism is the diffusion (Fickian) or the relaxation of the chains of the polymeric matrix …”

Assessing the Carboxymethylcellulose Copper-Montmorillonite Nanocomposite for Controlling the Infection of Erwinia carotovora in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

“…Moisture absorption by CMC due to its highly hydrophilic carboxylic group causes the CMC composite to swell to a marked extent, depending mainly upon the pH of the medium [ 57 , 58 ]. The MMT also increases the swelling capacity of certain composites, i.e., CMC-g-poly (acrylamide)-MMT [ 59 ].…”