Curcumin (Cur) entrapped poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/gelatin
composite
films were prepared by cross-linking with tannic acid (TA) as bioactive
dressings for rapid wound closure. Films were evaluated for mechanical
strength, swelling index, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), film
solubility, and in-vitro drug release studies. SEM
revealed uniform and smooth surfaces of blank (PG9) and Cur-loaded
composite films (PGC4). PGC4 exhibited excellent mechanical strength
(tensile strength (TS) and Young’s modulus (YM) were 32.83
and 0.55 MPa, respectively), swelling ability (600–800% at
pH 5.4, 7.4, and 9), WVTR (2003 ± 26), and film solubility (27.06
± 2.0). Sustained release (81%) of the encapsulated payload was
also observed for 72 h. The antioxidant activity determined by DPPH
free radical scavenging showed that the PGC4 possessed strong % inhibition.
The PGC4 formulation displayed higher antibacterial potential against S. aureus (14.55 mm zone of inhibition) and E. coli (13.00 mm zone of inhibition) compared to blank and positive control
by the agar well diffusion method. An in-vivo wound
healing study was carried out on rats using a full-thickness excisional
wound model. Wounds treated with PGC4 showed very rapid healing about
93% in just 10 days post wounding as compared to 82.75% by Cur cream
and 80.90% by PG9. Furthermore, histopathological studies showed ordered
collagen deposition and angiogenesis along with fibroblast formation.
PGC4 also exerted a strong anti-inflammatory effect by downregulating
the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6
were lowered by 76% and 68% as compared to the untreated group, respectively).
Therefore, Cur-loaded composite films can be an ideal delivery system
for effective wound healing.