Preparation of low cost superabsorbent hydrogel by urea and acrylic acid

Cheng, Dongdong; Liu, Yan; Yang, Guiting; Hao, Guixi; Wang, Yulong; Zhang, Aiping

doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2017.05.136

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Therefore, fluid can flow into the bottom region and be absorbed by the SAP particles underneath, enabling a more efficient use of the gel bed. Conventionally, PAA-based SAPs have been thermally or photochemically surface-crosslinked through the formation of an ester or amide linkages [ 16 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Furthermore, Moini et al [ 27 ] used click chemistry for surface modification of SAP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Surface-Reinforced Superabsorbent Polymer Hydrogel Microspheres via Incorporation of In Situ Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles

Kim

Koh

2021

Polymers

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Superabsorbent polymer (SAP) particles are primarily applied for absorbing and storing liquids. Here, poly (acrylic acid) (PAA)-based SAP microspheres incorporated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are prepared as an effort to maintain microsphere shape during swelling and minimize gel blocking. PAA-based SAP spheres are synthesized via inverse suspension polymerization. AgNPs are formed within SAP spheres through in situ reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3), using polyvinylpyrrolidone as the reducing agent. The formation of AgNPs within SAP was observed via techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Energy dispersive spectroscopy analyses reveal that thin and dense layers of AgNPs are formed on the outer regions of the SAP spheres at higher concentrations of AgNO3. The water absorbency capacity decreases on increasing the amount of incorporated silver nanoparticles; however, it is comparable with that of commercially available surface-crosslinked SAP particles. Finally, micro-computerized tomography (micro-CT) study revealed that AgNP-incorporated SAP spheres maintained their shapes during swelling and exhibit higher void fractions in the packed gel bed, minimizing gel blocking and improving fluid permeability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Surface-Reinforced Superabsorbent Polymer Hydrogel Microspheres via Incorporation of In Situ Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles

Kim

Koh

2021

Polymers

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“…However, with the enhancement of dosage, the swelling ratio decreases. This is because excessive urea cannot be connected by AA and will be wrapped in the SAP, resulting in a lower swelling rate. − The maximum water absorption rate is 2013 g/g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This performance of PVPP can help absorbent materials to absorb water faster and there is no gel formed to prevent the flow of water, so water can flow quickly in the three-dimensional network of material. Urea is widely used as a base fertilizer in modern agriculture because of its low cost and high nitrogen content. , Urea shows high hydrophilic properties due to its amide structure . The unique structure of urea makes it possible to apply it in water-retaining material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of Superabsorbent Polymer Hydrogels with Rapid Swelling: Effect of Reaction Medium Dosage and Polyvinylpyrrolidone on Water Absorption Rate

et al. 2021

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A superabsorbent polymer (SAP) was synthesized by solution polymerization. The influence of synthesis technology was studied and optimized, and FTIR, SEM, and TGA were used to characterize the structure and morphology of the material. Under the optimal synthesis conditions, the water absorption of the material can achieve about 80% of the saturation value in the first 20 min, and the material absorbs distilled water up to 2013 g/g. The SAP also has remarkable water retention and reswelling capability. The excellent performance makes it have a promising application in agriculture. In addition, the results show that the dosage of the reaction medium is a major factor for performance. Under the condition of the optimum value of other factors, the influence of the dosage of the reaction medium on water absorption can reach about 1000 g in distilled water.

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“…SAP is composed of repeating units of smaller molecules chemically bound together forming long chains. They are insoluble in any solvent due to the polymer chains being crosslinked by covalent bonds [2][3][4]. The elastic retractions of the forces of the network prevent the polymer swelling to infinity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of superabsorbent polymer absorbency at reduced chemical potential of water

2019

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Different types of superabsorbent polymers (SAP) exhibiting varied absorbency properties were investigated for their performances at varying concentrations of an electrolyte. Water chemical potential, which is a function of concentration and pressure, was interpreted as a major parameter for absorbency and swelling properties of SAP. Superabsorbent polymers that were investigated gave different values of permeability which was carried out in a layer of swelled superabsorbent polymer. This result revealed differences on the structure of the superabsorbent polymers particularly on the crosslinking density. SAP’s absorbency properties were further tested and a correlation between the quantity of absorption and the chemical potential of water in terms of sodium chloride concentration was developed using experimental data on free swelling capacity and absorption under pressure. Results showed decreasing quantity of absorption by the superabsorbent polymers with decreasing chemical potential of water with higher reduction in the absorbency at higher pressure applied on the swelled SAP.

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Preparation of low cost superabsorbent hydrogel by urea and acrylic acid

Cited by 27 publications

References 12 publications

Preparation of Surface-Reinforced Superabsorbent Polymer Hydrogel Microspheres via Incorporation of In Situ Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles

Preparation of Surface-Reinforced Superabsorbent Polymer Hydrogel Microspheres via Incorporation of In Situ Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles

Synthesis of Superabsorbent Polymer Hydrogels with Rapid Swelling: Effect of Reaction Medium Dosage and Polyvinylpyrrolidone on Water Absorption Rate

Investigation of superabsorbent polymer absorbency at reduced chemical potential of water

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