“…Silica is widely applied as an absorbent-adsorbent material, catalyst support, membrane, and slow-release drug delivery material. Besides having good mechanical properties and non-toxicity, silica-based functional materials can be modified to improve their performance in specific applications [ [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] ]. Modifying silica is carried out by grafting active functional groups on the surface of the support material either physically or chemically [ [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] ].…”