Low molecular weight alcohols, such as ethanol, are clean, economical and sustainable energy sources which can be easily obtained, stored, and transported. [1] At present, the platinum-based noble metal catalysts are considered as highly efficient electrocatalysts for alkaline alcohols oxidation reactions. [4-6] Nevertheless, vulnerable CO poisoning effect, sluggish kinetics of anodic oxidation as well as high price of noble metal catalysts seriously hampered their development. Therefore, the research interests in developing high efficiency and low cost anodic electrocatalysts are activated to facilitate the largescale commercialization of fuel cell in the future. Non-noble metal materials which have made great progress to date are regarded as suitable and promising alternative electrocatalysts for alcohols electrooxidation. [7-9] Among them, nickel-based materials have been introduced as a kind of active electrocatalysts in the oxidation of methanol and other alcohols. [10-13] Despite considerable progress, the high onset potential and the inferior catalytic activity for alcohols electrooxidation severely hinder the further applications of nickelbased materials. In this case, it is necessary to design catalysts Construction of active and durable non-noble-metals based electrocatalysts is one of important requirements for the practical application and development of fuel cells, which are presently inhibited by relative sluggish charge transport and reaction kinetics. Herein, highly dispersed ultrathin carbon-coated nickel oxide nanoparticles settled on carbon cloth (NiO@C/CC) as efficient catalysts for alkaline fuels oxidation are synthesized via an air-assisted transient thermal shock strategy. This NiO@C/CC catalyst induces an outstanding catalytic activity (up to 119.1 mA cm −2) and durability (a little current decay during tests) in electrooxidation for ethanol, even for methanol and ethylene glycol, which outperforms most of the reported non-noble metal catalysts. The excellent catalytic performance of NiO@C/CC is essentially attributed to the oxygen vacancies, high concentration, high-valence-state Ni, and carbon layers of NiO@C NPs, which contribute to regulate the surface properties and electronic structure, enhance charge transfer, and provide abundant active sites, promoting adsorption capacity of reactant molecules on its surface. The facile and promising air-assisted transient thermal shock strategy can be extended to guide rational design and rapid synthesis of transition metal compounds as advanced catalysts for alkaline direct alcohol fuel cells.