Preparation of PtNi hollow nanospheres for the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol

Zhou, Xin-Wen; Zhang, Ronghua; Zhou, Zhi‐You; Sun, Shi‐Gang

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.02.088

Cited by 109 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Pt-Ni catalysts presented a MOR activity higher than Pt, but lower than the state-of-the-art [20]; (▲) Zhou et al [21]; (◄)Agrawal et al [22]; (■) Wang et al [37]; (•) Jiang et al [38]; (▼) Nassr et al [39]; (♦) Hao et al [40]; (►) Wang et al [41]; (*) Luo et al [42]; (X) Hu et al [43]; (O) Zhou et al [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dependence of the Pt-Ni to Pt electrochemically active surface area (ECSA Pt-Ni /ECSA Pt ), MOR specific activity (SA Pt-Ni /SA Pt ) and mass activity (MA Pt-Ni /MA Pt ) ratios in acid media on Ni content in the Pt-Ni catalysts with various alloying degrees from different datasets [20][21][22][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] is shown in Figure 1a-c, respectively. As can be seen in Figure 1a the ECSA Pt-Ni /ECSA Pt .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ratio between the peak current in the forward (I f ) and the backward scan (I b ) is usually taken as the measure for the tolerance of the catalyst against poisoning by adsorbed species coming from the dissociative methanol adsorption, a higher I f /I b ratio indicating higher tolerance. The dependence of the Pt-Ni to Pt I f /I b ratio (I f /I b Pt-Ni /I f /I b Pt ) from different datasets [38,[40][41][42][43][44] is shown in Figure 1d: <1 are the number of values of the ratio total and lower than 1, respectively. The highest value of these ratios was observed for the ECSA (27%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, considering that the ECSA decreases with increasing the amount of Ni oxides, the optimum alloying degree for the mass activity can be different than the optimum alloying degree for the SA. [20]; (▲) Zhou et al [21]; (◄)Agrawal et al [22]; (■) Wang et al [37]; (•) Jiang et al [38]; (▼) Nassr et al [39]; (♦) Hao et al [40]; (►) Wang et al [41]; (*) Luo et al [42]; (X) Hu et al [43]; (O) Zhou et al [44]. [20]; (▲) Zhou et al [21]; (◄)Agrawal et al [22]; (■) Wang et al [37]; (•) Jiang et al [38]; (▼) Nassr et al [39]; (♦) Hao et al [40]; (►) Wang et al [41]; (*) Luo et al [42]; (X) Hu et al [43]; (O) Zhou et al [44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pt-Ni and Pt-M-Ni (M = Ru, Sn) Anode Catalysts for Low-Temperature Acidic Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells: A Review

Antolini¹

2017

Energies

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Abstract:In view of a possible use as anode materials in acidic direct alcohol fuel cells, the electro-catalytic activity of Pt-Ni and Pt-M-Ni (M = Ru, Sn) catalysts for methanol and ethanol oxidation has been widely investigated. An overview of literature data regarding the effect of the addition of Ni to Pt and Pt-M on the methanol and ethanol oxidation activity in acid environment of the resulting binary and ternary Ni-containing Pt-based catalysts is presented, highlighting the effect of alloyed and non-alloyed nickel on the catalytic activity of these materials.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Pt-Ni and Pt-M-Ni (M = Ru, Sn) Anode Catalysts for Low-Temperature Acidic Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells: A Review

Antolini¹

2017

Energies

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“…In that case, the precursor metal M or M-M ' noble nanoparticles are prepared by one of the common metal nanoparticle preparation techniques or their combination; these include hydrothermal reduction in the presence of polyols or NaBH 4 and high temperature hydrogen annealing (see, for example, [156,157]). Figure 7D shows such a Pt(Cu) nanoparticle, prepared by the galvanic replacement of Cu particles synthesized by hydrogen annealing of Cu oxides [152] and subsequently supported/mixed with C particles.…”

Section: Types Of Support Methods Of Less Noble Metal Preparation/dementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocatalysts Prepared by Galvanic Replacement

et al. 2017

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Galvanic replacement is the spontaneous replacement of surface layers of a metal, M, by a more noble metal, M noble , when the former is treated with a solution containing the latter in ionic form, according to the general replacement reaction: nM + mM noble n+ → nM m+ + mM noble. The reaction is driven by the difference in the equilibrium potential of the two metal/metal ion redox couples and, to avoid parasitic cathodic processes such as oxygen reduction and (in some cases) hydrogen evolution too, both oxygen levels and the pH must be optimized. The resulting bimetallic material can in principle have a M noble-rich shell and M-rich core (denoted as M noble (M)) leading to a possible decrease in noble metal loading and the modification of its properties by the underlying metal M. This paper reviews a number of bimetallic or ternary electrocatalytic materials prepared by galvanic replacement for fuel cell, electrolysis and electrosynthesis reactions. These include oxygen reduction, methanol, formic acid and ethanol oxidation, hydrogen evolution and oxidation, oxygen evolution, borohydride oxidation, and halide reduction. Methods for depositing the precursor metal M on the support material (electrodeposition, electroless deposition, photodeposition) as well as the various options for the support are also reviewed. 1. Principle of Galvanic Replacement/Deposition 1.1. Thermodynamic Considerations When a metal, M (e.g., Cu, Fe, Co, Ni, Al, etc.), is immersed in a solution containing ions of a more noble metal, M noble n+ (e.g., Pt, Au, Pd, Ag, Ru, Ir, Rh, Os, etc.-i.e., a metal with a higher standard potential) then, due to the difference in their standard electrochemical potentials, E 0 noble − E 0 > 0, and provided that the ionic form of M is stable under the given experimental conditions (of temperatue, pH, complexing agents etc.), the following reaction is thermodynamically favored and can take place spontaneously: M noble n+ + n/m M → M noble + n/m M m+ (1) This reaction, which bears similarities with transmetalation reactions between metal complexes [1] and is also known as immersion plating [2] in the plating industry and galvanic replacement [3] in materials chemistry, can be considered to originate from the coupling of the following two half-reactions: M noble n+ + ne − ↔ M noble (E 0 noble) (2) M m+ + me − ↔ M (E 0) (3)

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Hierarchically StructuredPtand Non‐Pt‐Based Electrocatalysts forPEMFuel Cells

Trogadas

Coppens

2019

Handbook of Green Chemistry

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Hierarchical Pt/non‐Pt alloy electrocatalysts demonstrate high activity, surface area, and stability, transforming them into attractive candidates for electrocatalysis in fuel cells. Oxygen reduction reaction ( ORR ) and methanol oxidation reaction ( MOR ) activity, as well as other electrochemical properties of these hierarchical electrocatalysts supported on metal oxides or carbonaceous materials are presented, along with a short review of their synthesis methods.

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Preparation of PtNi hollow nanospheres for the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol

Cited by 109 publications

References 27 publications

Pt-Ni and Pt-M-Ni (M = Ru, Sn) Anode Catalysts for Low-Temperature Acidic Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells: A Review

Pt-Ni and Pt-M-Ni (M = Ru, Sn) Anode Catalysts for Low-Temperature Acidic Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells: A Review

Electrocatalysts Prepared by Galvanic Replacement

Hierarchically StructuredPtand Non‐Pt‐Based Electrocatalysts forPEMFuel Cells

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