Preparation of rosin-based polymer microspheres as a stationary phase in high-performance liquid chromatography to separate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and alkaloids

Abstract

Acrylpimaric acid ethylene glycol acrylate was used as the cross-linking agent to prepare rosin-based polymer microspheres through membrane emulsification–microsuspension polymerization. The prepared microspheres were used as the stationary phase in high-performance liquid chromatography for the separation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and two analogues of alkaloids. Five PAHs (benzene, naphthalene, fluorene, pyrene, and benzo(e)pyrene) were well separated in the rosin-based polymer column with the resolution (Rs) of 6.088 ± 0.006, 5.759 ± 0.017, 7.019 ± 0.020, and 8.584 ± 0.063. A linear relationship was observed for the carbon numbers of PAHs and lnK as obtained with the equation of ln k = 0.22nc – 2.45, R2 = 0.996 . The rosin-based polymer columns were also employed to separate theophylline–caffeine and camptothecin–10-hydroxy-camptothecin, and the good results were obtained with the Rs of 4.617 ± 0.005 and 2.245 ± 0.049, respectively.

Recent Developments of Liquid Chromatography Stationary Phases for Compound Separation: From Proteins to Small Organic Compounds

“…Rosin developed by Wang et al showed a good ability to separate PAHs. Rosin was synthesized by a monomer methyl methacrylate and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, a crosslinker acryl pimaric acid ethylene glycol acrylate, and an AIBN catalyst [ 107 ]. Peng et al also succeeded in synthesizing a capillary column from the polymerization reaction of 12-methacryloyl dodecylphosphatidic acid and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate with an AIBN catalyst [ 45 ].…”

Physicochemical and Adsorption Characteristics of Divinylbenzene-co-Triethoxyvinylsilane Microspheres as Materials for the Removal of Organic Compounds

“…One of the most important actual challenges in designing these combined systems is how to keep or increase the best properties of each component while rejecting or decreasing their limitations [ 6 ]. Organic-inorganic materials based on a polymer matrix are some of the most frequently obtained types of hybrid systems because of their ease of synthesis and further modification [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Bilayer films of poly(ε‐caprolactone) electrosprayed with gum rosin microspheres: Processing and characterization

“…Polymer‐based microspheres have gained importance in a broad range of fields during the last decade since they can be widely used in several industrial sectors such as chromatography separation, biomedical devices, coating additives, and controlled release reservoirs 1–3 . Polymer‐based microspheres present a spherical geometrical shape and can be manufactured to have a uniform size that ranges from nanometer to micrometer scale 1,2 .…”