Preparation of stable dieselwaste cooking oil microemulsion fuel using ionic liquid based benzimidazole derivatives: Fuel properties, particle size characteristics, and statistical investigation

Nagy, H.A. El; Mohamed, M. A.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2022.127217

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The longer ignition delay would cause uncontrolled combustion and increase NOx emissions 48 . Microemulsions' cetane number is lower because alcohols have a lower cetane number 49 . It has been reported that addition of 17.4% aqueous ethanol in soyoil ethanol microemulsions reduces the cetane number from 37.9 to 29.8 50 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable diesel microemulsion using diammonium ionic liquids and their effects on fuel properties, particle size characteristics and combustion calculations

El Nagy,

Mohamed

2024

Sci Rep

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Ecofriendly and stable Fuel Microemulsions based on renewable components were prepared through solubilizing ethanol in diesel and waste cooking oil blend (4:1). New diquaternary ammonium ionic liquids (3a & 3b) were synthesized through a quaternization reaction of the synthesized dihaloester with diethyl ethanolamine tridecantrioate and triethyl amine tridecantrioate, respectively. The chemical structures were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy. It was observed from DLS analyses that the ethanol particles in all samples have sizes between 4.77 to 11.22 nm. The distribution becomes narrower with the decrease in the ionic liquid concentrations. The fuel properties fall within the ASTM D975 acceptable specifications and are close to the neat diesel properties. The Cetane index were 53 and 53.5, heating values were 38.5 and 38.5 MJ/kg, viscosities were 2.91 and 2.98 mm2/s, densities were 8.26 and 8.29 g/mL and flash points were 49 °C and 48 °C for 3a1 and 3b1 microemulsions, respectively. The particle sizes of samples were examined by DLS for 160 days and they were significantly stable. The amount of ethanol solubilized increases with the increase in the amount of the synthesized ionic liquids and cosurfactant. The combustion calculations pointed out that the microemulsions 3a1 and 3b1 need 13.07 kg air/kg fuel and 12.79 kg air/kg fuel, respectively, which are less than the air required to combust the pure diesel. According to theoretical combustion, using ionic liquids saves the air consumption required for combustion and reduces the quantities of combustion products. The prepared microemulsions were successfully used as a diesel substitute due to their improved combustion properties than pure diesel and low pollution levels.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable diesel microemulsion using diammonium ionic liquids and their effects on fuel properties, particle size characteristics and combustion calculations

El Nagy,

Mohamed

2024

Sci Rep

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“…Low volatility, high viscosity, and polyunsaturated criteria are the primary disadvantages of using crude vegetable oils as diesel. Several methods were employed to overcome these problems, including blending with hydrocarbons [ 1 ], pyrolysis [ 2 ], micro-emulsions preparation[ 3 ], and transesterification [ 4 ]. The industrial production of biodiesel relies mainly on the transesterification of vegetable oils [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocatalysis of triglycerides transesterification using fungal biomass: a biorefinery approach

Elhussiny

Mohamed

El-Refai

et al. 2023

Fungal Biol Biotechnol

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Background The use of microbial biomasses, such as fungal biomass, to catalyze the transesterification of triglycerides (TG) for biodiesel production provides a sustainable, economical alternative while still having the main advantages of expensive immobilized enzymes. Results Biomasses of Aspergillus flavus and Rhizopus stolonifera were used to catalyze the transesterification of TG in waste frying oil (WFO). Isopropanol as an acyl-acceptor reduced the catalytic capability of the biomasses, while methanol was the most potent acyl-acceptor with a final fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) concentration of 85.5 and 89.7%, w/w, for R. stolonifer and A. flavus, respectively. Different mixtures of the fungal biomasses were tested, and higher proportions of A. flavus biomass improved the mixture's catalytic capability. C. sorokiniana cultivated in synthetic wastewater was used as feedstock to cultivate A. flavus. The biomass produced had the same catalytic capability as the biomass produced in the control culture medium. Response surface methodology (RSM) was adopted using central composite design (CCD) to optimize the A. flavus biomass catalytic transesterification reaction, where temperature, methanol concentration, and biomass concentration were selected for optimization. The significance of the model was verified, and the suggested optimum reaction conditions were 25.5 °C, 250 RPM agitation with 14%, w/w, biomass, 3 mol/L methanol, and a reaction duration of 24 h. The suggested optimum conditions were tested to validate the model and a final FAME concentration of 95.53%. w/w was detected. Conclusion Biomasses cocktails might be a legitimate possibility to provide a cheaper technical solution for industrial applications than immobilized enzymes. The use of fungal biomass cultivated on the microalgae recovered from wastewater treatment for the catalysis of transesterification reaction provides an additional piece of the puzzle of biorefinery. Optimizing the transesterification reaction led to a valid prediction model with a final FAME concentration of 95.53%, w/w.

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Gasoil/sunflower oil blend/water fuel microemulsions prepared with ionic liquids-type Gemini surfactants

Ghazal,

Najjar

2024

Alexandria Engineering Journal

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Preparation of stable dieselwaste cooking oil microemulsion fuel using ionic liquid based benzimidazole derivatives: Fuel properties, particle size characteristics, and statistical investigation

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Stable diesel microemulsion using diammonium ionic liquids and their effects on fuel properties, particle size characteristics and combustion calculations

Stable diesel microemulsion using diammonium ionic liquids and their effects on fuel properties, particle size characteristics and combustion calculations

Biocatalysis of triglycerides transesterification using fungal biomass: a biorefinery approach

Gasoil/sunflower oil blend/water fuel microemulsions prepared with ionic liquids-type Gemini surfactants

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