Preparation of stable microcapsules from disrupted cell of <i><scp>H</scp>aematococcus pluvialis</i> by spray drying

Chen, Limei; Liu, Xiumin; Li, Demao; Chen, Wuxi; Zhang, Ke; Chen, Shulin

doi:10.1111/ijfs.13155

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The main application of carotenoids is as a colorant in food and feed, and the market for carotenoids in the nutrition, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries is continuously growing (3). The strong antioxidant characteristic of astaxanthin makes it the most important carotenoid in Schizochytrium (11,12). Astaxanthin's important role in cancer prevention (3) has attracted growing attention; researchers have studied its synthesis and have emphasized its value in the pharmaceutical and food industries (13).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Methanol on Carotenoids as Well as Biomass and Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Schizochytrium limacinum B4D1

Liao

Gao

et al. 2019

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Schizochytrium is a promising source for the production of docosahexaenoic acid and astaxanthin. The effects of different methanol concentrations on astaxanthin, biomass, and production of the lipids, squalene, and total sterol in Schizochytrium limacinum B4D1 were investigated. Astaxanthin began to accumulate when the methanol concentration reached 3.2% and peaked at 5.6% methanol, with a 2,000-fold increase over that in the control. However, under cultivation with 5.6% methanol, the biomass, lipids, squalene, and total sterol decreased to various degrees. Transcriptomic analysis was performed to explore the effects of different methanol concentrations (0%, 3.2%, and 5.6%) on the expression profile of B4D1. Three key signaling pathways were found to play important roles in regulating cell growth and metabolism under cultivation with methanol. Five central carbon metabolism-associated genes were significantly downregulated in response to 5.6% methanol and thus were expected to result in less ATP and NADPH being available for cell growth and synthesis. High methanol conditions significantly downregulated three genes involved in fatty acid and squalene/sterol precursor biosynthesis but significantly upregulated geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase, lycopene β-cyclase, and β-carotene 3-hydroxylase, which are involved in astaxanthin synthesis, thus resulting in an increase in the levels of precursors and the final production of astaxanthin. Additionally, the transcriptional levels of three stress response genes were upregulated. This study investigates gene expression profiles in the astaxanthin producer Schizochytrium when grown under various methanol concentrations. These results broaden current knowledge regarding genetic expression and provide important information for promoting astaxanthin biosynthesis in Schizochytrium. IMPORTANCE Schizochytrium strains are usually studied as oil-producing strains, but they can also synthesize other secondary metabolites, such as astaxanthin. In this study, methanol was used as an inducer, and we explored its effects on the production of astaxanthin, a highly valuable substance in Schizochytrium. Methanol induced Schizochytrium to synthesize large amounts of astaxanthin. Transcriptomic analysis was used to investigate the regulation of signaling and metabolic pathways (mainly relative gene expression) in Schizochytrium grown in the presence of various concentrations of methanol. These results contribute to the understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms and may aid in the future optimization of Schizochytrium for astaxanthin biosynthesis.

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Methanol on Carotenoids as Well as Biomass and Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Schizochytrium limacinum B4D1

Liao

Gao

et al. 2019

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…The microcapsule preparation by spraydrying was productive and straightforward, but the core material may adhere to the microcapsule surface, resulting in a lower encapsulation efficiency. 34 Meanwhile, freeze-drying cools the solution first and then freezes it into a solid. Under vacuum, water vapor sublimes, and the required substances remain on the ice shelf, significantly increasing encapsulation efficiency.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As can be seen from Supporting Information Table S2, the encapsulation efficiency (72.5%) of the microcapsule obtained by freeze‐drying was significantly higher than that obtained by spray‐drying (42.6%). The microcapsule preparation by spray‐drying was productive and straightforward, but the core material may adhere to the microcapsule surface, resulting in a lower encapsulation efficiency 34 . Meanwhile, freeze‐drying cools the solution first and then freezes it into a solid.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of microencapsulation in dairy matrix on the quality characteristics and bioavailability of docosahexaenoic acid astaxanthin

et al. 2022

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BACKGROUND Compared with free astaxanthin (Asta), docosahexaenoic acid astaxanthin monoester (Asta‐C22:6) has higher stability and bioavailability. However, Asta‐E is still unable to be used in the water system. Hence it is necessary to build a water‐soluble delivery system. In this study, Asta‐C22:6 microemulsion and microcapsule using whey protein isolate (WPI) and hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (HPβ‐CD) as composite wall material were prepared. They were added to three dairy products (milk powder, yogurt and flavored dairy product). A dairy product rich in Asta‐C22:6 with high bioavailability was designed by measuring quality characteristics, sensory evaluation and in vivo experiments. RESULTS Compared with spray drying, the freeze‐drying microcapsule had a higher encapsulation efficiency (72.5%), water content (4%) and better solubility, and Asta‐C22:6 microcapsule (1 g L−1) yogurt had the best quality. The bioavailability of Asta‐C22:6 microcapsule yogurt was further evaluated. After a single oral dose in mice, the bioavailability of Asta‐C22:6 microcapsule in yogurt was significantly increased (Cmax = 0.31 μg mL−1, AUC0–T = 3.20 h μg mL−1). CONCLUSION We successfully prepared Asta‐C22:6 microcapsule yogurt, which improved the stability and bioavailability of Asta. The present research is meaningful for delivering unstable bioactive small molecules based on WPI and HPβ‐CD. It provides an experimental basis for the application of Asta‐C22:6 and the development of functional dairy products. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

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“…Also, as in this study, microalgae can be encapsulated for purposes such as (i) improving the processing and storage stability of some components such as pigments, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and carotenoids, (ii) increasing their use in different food matrices (e.g., by improving their solubility qualities), (iii) increasing digestibility of majör compunds as algal proteins, and also (iv) improving bioaccesibility of various bioactive compounds (Ahmed & Kumar, 2022; Alfaia et al, 2021; Canelli et al, 2022). The spray‐drying technique has advantages due to its high transfer rate to industrial applications, low cost, equipment availability, successful applications in many foods, as well as rapid fluid evaporation in a very short time and exposure to temperatures (Chen et al, 2016; Gharsallaoui et al, 2007). In addition, there is the possibility of masking unwanted sensory properties by applying encapsulation methods such as spray‐drying technique Genc Polat et al, 2020; Genc Polat et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of spray drying for Chlorella vulgaris by using RSM methodology and maltodextrin

Konar

Durmaz

Polat

et al. 2022

Food Processing Preservation

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In this study, Chlorella vulgaris biomass, which was cultivated in pilot‐scale tubular photobioreactor biomass was encapsulated by using spray dryer (SD) and response surface I‐optimal methods. The independent variables were SD inlet temperature (170–190°C), maltodextrin (25–75%, w/w, in dm), and C. vulgaris biomass (25–75%, w/w, in dm). The amount of pigments (total carotenoid, chlorophyll‐a), crude protein, physico‐chemical (moisture content and water activity), color properties (L*, a*, b*, C*, and hue angle), particle‐size distribution, and drying efficiencies of encapsulated samples were determined. The moisture (1.42–7.18 g/100 g), total carotenoid (0.91–1.91 mg/g), and chlorophyll‐a (2.48–5.84 mg/g) contents were modeled significantly (p < .05). It was observed that the size and coalescence tendencies of samples were affected by used maltodextrin ratio. According to the results of this study, it is important to determine the SD process conditions and the maltodextrin amount considering the aimed applications, such as coloring agent in confectionery, beverage, and/or dairy technologies. Novelty impact statement C. vulgaris biomass was encapsulated by using spray‐drying and RSM I‐optimal methods. The effect of spray‐dryer inlet temperature,and ratio of algal biomass and maltodextrin were investigated. Total carotenoid, chlorophyll‐a and moisture contents were modeled significantly.

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Preparation of stable microcapsules from disrupted cell of Haematococcus pluvialis by spray drying

Cited by 17 publications

References 55 publications

Effects of Methanol on Carotenoids as Well as Biomass and Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Schizochytrium limacinum B4D1

Effects of Methanol on Carotenoids as Well as Biomass and Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in Schizochytrium limacinum B4D1

Effects of microencapsulation in dairy matrix on the quality characteristics and bioavailability of docosahexaenoic acid astaxanthin

Optimization of spray drying for Chlorella vulgaris by using RSM methodology and maltodextrin

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