Prepregnancy body mass index and pregnancy weight gain: associations with preterm delivery

Schieve, Laura A.; Cogswell, Mary E.; Scanlon, Kelley S.; Perry, Geraldine S.; Ferré, Cynthia; Blackmore-Prince, Cheryl; Yu, Stella M.; Rosenberg, Deborah

doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(00)00883-8

Cited by 150 publications

(143 citation statements)

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“…In contrast to the results of other studies (Houshiar Rad et al, 1998;Pickett et al, 2000;Schieve et al, 2000), our findings showed no association between infant birth weight and either pregnancy weight gain or prepregnancy BMI when other potential confounders were controlled for. While inadequate pregnancy weight gain is known as a risk factor for LBW (Varma, 1984;Kusin & Jansen, 1986;Aaroson & Machee, 1989) the present data showed that the risk for LBW was only related to mothers' educational level.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

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Social factors and pregnancy weight gain in relation to infant birth weight: a study in public health centers in Rasht, Iran

Maddah

Karandish²,

Mohammadpour-Ahranjani

et al. 2005

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objectives: This study aimed to examine the relationship between total pregnancy weight gain, maternal educational level, working status and infant birth weight among mothers and infants in urban health centers in Rasht, Iran. Design: Pregnant women from six different public health centers in urban areas were studied in a prospective design. Data on women's age, parity, level of education, working status, infant birth weight, mothers' height, and prepregnancy weight and total weight gain during pregnancy were collected. The subjects were grouped based on their prepregnancy BMI and according to Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendation for total pregnancy weight gain. The subjects were also categorized based on their years of schooling as less, intermediately and highly educated. In this study women were considered as either housewives or employed. Setting: Public health centers in urban areas in Rasht, Iran. Subjects: A total of 1914 pregnant women were studied. Results: These data showed that pregnancy weight gain was not different between women with normal prepregnancy weight and underweight when educational levels and working status were taken into account. Besides, pregnancy weight gain was positively related to the level of education. Analysis of variance showed that infant birth weights were not similar in mothers who gain weight less, within and above recommended ranges. In all, 60% of the normal weight women and 56.7% of the underweight women had weight gain less than the lower cutoffs of IOM recommendation. Results of logistic regression analysis showed that low level of mother's education was the only predictor for low birth weight (LBW) (412 y education OR ¼ 0.27(0.10-0.69)) and 5-12 y education OR ¼ 0.62 (0.2-0.94). Conclusion: These results showed that pregnancy weight gain lower recommended ranges are highly prevalent in Iranian women in public health centers in urban areas in Rasht. Moreover, mother's level of educational level may be considered as the most important determinant of birth weight and LBW in this population.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…While studies have consistently showed a positive association between pregnancy weight gain and birth weight (Pickett et al, 2000;Schieve et al, 2000), sociocultural as well as biological factors cause deviations in maternal weight gain in different populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social factors and pregnancy weight gain in relation to infant birth weight: a study in public health centers in Rasht, Iran

Maddah

Karandish²,

Mohammadpour-Ahranjani

et al. 2005

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…BMI is a simple, useful index for evaluating prepregnancy nutritional status. Although prepregnancy BMI has a genetic as well as nutritional component, a low prepregnancy BMI is considered a marker for minimal tissue nutrient reserves [5]. Women with low prepregnancy weight for height or BMI are at increased risk for a number of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth and IUGR [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Factors for Low Birth Weight Babies

Singh

Chouhan²,

Sidhu³

2009

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

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Introduction L ow birth weight (LBW) is the dominating risk factorfor infant morbidity and mortality, (36% of all mortality in children <5 years of age), constituting about 4 million deaths per year. Some term and preterm small babies are healthy, with weight and length according to their genetic potential, while others are smaller due to factors impeding growth during fetal life. This phenomenon is called intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and is the second leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality, after prematurity.Low birth weight lower than that expected from the genetic potential might be caused by fetal, maternal or placental factors or a combination of risk factors, resulting in an impaired placental transport of nutrients or reduced growth potential of the fetus. Constitutional, gender and hereditary factors explain up to 40% of the variability of birth weight. Maternal age (<20 or >35 yrs), ethnicity, marital status, birth interval, educational level and socio-economic conditions are other explanatory factors. Common fetal factors are genetic and/or chromosomal aberrations. Medical risk factors for LBW before pregnancy are chronic conditions like hypertension, renal insufficiency, cardio-respiratory, autoimmune, endocrine or infectious disorders. The risk factors for LBW during pregnancy are hypertensive disorders, diabetes, malnutrition, bleeding, anemia, infection, placental or fetal anomalies and multiple pregnancies. The morbidities of term and moderately preterm (>32 weeks) LBW are mainly related to uteroplacental insufficiency and poor energy substrate transfer, resulting in neonatal complications like birth asphyxia, hypothermia, meconium aspiration, polycythaemia, hypoglycemia, hypocalcaemia and thrombocythaemia.LBW infants are forty times more likely to die within their first four weeks of life than normal birth weight infants. LBW infants are also three times more likely than normal birth weight infants to have neurodevelopmental complications and congenital abnormalities [1].The neonatal course in LBW infants born preterm (<32 weeks) is dominated by complications caused by anatomic and physiological immaturity e.g. birth asphyxia, hypothermia, respiratory distress due to delayed alveolar clearance of water and surfactant deficiency, delayed postnatal circulatory adaptation with pulmonary hypertension, systemic hypotension and delayed closure of fetal shunts. Immaturity and reduced substrate stores explain high prevalence of hypo/ hyperglycemia, jaundice and coagulopathy. Immature Maternal Factors for Low Birth Weight BabiesLt Col G Singh * , Capt R Chouhan + , Maj K Sidhu # Abstract Background: Low birth weight is defined as the live births with less than 2.5 kg weight. It is a key determinant of infant survival, health and development. Low birth weight infants are at a greater risk of having a disability and for diseases such as cerebral palsy, visual problems, learning disabilities and respiratory problems. To reduce the low birth weight deliveries, we studied the maternal fac...

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“…Adequate maternal nutritional status, including appropriate weight gain in pregnancy especially in undernourished mothers, is related to improved birthweight outcomes [29,30]. Approximately 10 % of the women had a height <150 cm, and 14 % had a MUAC <23 cm, indicating substantial pre-pregnancy maternal malnutrition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse birth outcomes in a malarious area

et al. 2005

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SUMMARYTo determine factors associated with fetal growth, preterm delivery and stillbirth in an area of high malaria transmission in Southern Malawi, a cross-sectional study of pregnant women attending and delivering at two study hospitals was undertaken. A total of 243 (17 . 3 %) babies were preterm and 54 (3 . 7%) stillborn. Intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR) occurred in 285 (20 . 3 %), of whom 109 (38 . 2%) were low birthweight and 26 (9 . 1%) preterm. Factors associated with IUGR were maternal short stature [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1 . 6, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1 . 0-2 . 5] ; primigravidae (AOR 1 . 9, 95 % CI 1 . 4-2 . 7) ; placental or peripheral malaria at delivery (AOR 1 . 4, 95 % CI 1 . 0-1 . 9) and maternal anaemia at recruitment (Hb <8 g/dl) (AOR 1 . 9, 95% CI 1 . 3-2 . 7). Increasing parasite density in the placenta was associated with both IUGR (P=0 . 008) and prematurity (P=0 . 02). Factors associated with disproportionate fetal growth were maternal malnutrition [mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) <23 cm, AOR 1 . 9, 95% CI 1 . 0-3 . 7] and primigravidae (AOR 1 . 8, 95% CI 1 . 0-3 . 1). Preterm delivery and stillbirth were associated with <5 antenatal care visits (AOR 2 . 2, 95% CI 1 . 3-3 . 7 and AOR 3 . 1, 95 % CI 1 . 4-7 . 0 respectively) and stillbirth with a positive Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test (AOR 4 . 7, 95 % CI 1 . 5-14 . 8). Interventions to reduce poor pregnancy outcomes must reduce the burden of malaria in pregnancy, improve antenatal care and maternal malnutrition.

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Prepregnancy body mass index and pregnancy weight gain: associations with preterm delivery

Abstract: Low weight gain in pregnancy was associated with increased risk of preterm delivery, particularly if women were underweight or of average weight before pregnancy.

Cited by 150 publications

References 21 publications

Social factors and pregnancy weight gain in relation to infant birth weight: a study in public health centers in Rasht, Iran

Social factors and pregnancy weight gain in relation to infant birth weight: a study in public health centers in Rasht, Iran

Maternal Factors for Low Birth Weight Babies

Adverse birth outcomes in a malarious area

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