Prescribed fire maintains host plants of a rare grassland butterfly

Adamidis, George C.; Swartz, Mark; Zografou, Konstantina; Sewall, Brent J.

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-53400-1

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…In a separate study of the same landscape, we found the same site to differ from the others in both the prevalence and the abundance of wild violet plants ( Viola spp. ; Adamidis et al 2019), probably due to site‐level differences in topography, edaphic, or microclimatic conditions and disturbance history.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable generalist species anchor a dynamic pollination network

Zografou¹,

Swartz

Tilden

et al. 2020

Ecosphere

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The application of complex network theory to community ecology has enabled quantification of interactions among large suites of species and clarified patterns of community structure across systems. Past analyses, however, have assumed that ecological networks are temporally static and persistent and spatially homogeneous, which could confound inference if species interactions vary over time and space. To evaluate temporal and spatial variation in mutualistic networks, therefore, we evaluated the consistency of a nectarivory/pollination network across years, by season, and over space. We tracked nectaring interactions among 37 butterfly and 58 flowering plant taxa during an 11‐yr period (2007–2017), across each summer and over a grassland landscape in Pennsylvania, USA. The composition of butterflies, plants, and their interactions varied markedly across years, months, and sites. Despite this compositional variation, one metric of network structure, nestedness, was invariant, with interactions much more nested than random across all years, months, and sites. Together with previous studies, this result suggests ecological interaction networks are generally more nested than expected by chance. Other measures of network structure were more variable, especially over time. Numbers of plants and interactions varied by year, month, and site. Connectance and numbers of butterflies varied annually and seasonally. Temporal variation in specialization was also evident for some species at an annual level and for the community across the season. We further found highly stable species were almost always generalists, while highly specialized species were almost always temporally and spatially variable, with few exceptions. Together, these results suggest communities are comprised of a reliable core of generalist species, accompanied by a changing suite of specialist species that, when participating in the network, primarily interact with the reliable core species. Our finding of nested mutualistic network centered on stable‐generalist species accompanied by a changing suite of sporadic specialists indicates dynamic changes in ecological communities vary with topological position. This finding further suggests that, even as rare species are highly threatened by species invasion, climate change, and other anthropogenic perturbations, network structure may be robust to species loss and compositional change from these perturbations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable generalist species anchor a dynamic pollination network

Zografou¹,

Swartz

Tilden

et al. 2020

Ecosphere

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“…Accordingly, we found that low fire frequency benefits the species that prefer shaded areas in mixed woodland and forest, like the Zulu shadefly (Online Appendix 1 Figure S3). Conversely, medium and high fire frequencies had positive effects on some open savanna species, such as the broadbordered grass yellow and the cupreous blue (Online Appendix 1 Figure S3), which are resilient to fire and promoted by frequent burning (Adamidis et al 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of fire frequency on savanna butterfly diversity and composition: A preliminary study

Gaget

Parr

2020

Koedoe

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Fire plays a major role in many biomes, is widely used as a management tool and is likely to be affected by climate change. For effective conservation management, it is essential to understand how fire regimes affect different taxa, yet responses of invertebrates are particularly poorly documented. We tested how different fire frequencies influence savanna butterfly diversity and composition by using a long-term savanna fire experiment initiated in 1954 in the Kruger National Park (South Africa). We compared butterfly abundance, species richness and community composition across three fire frequencies: high (burnt annually), medium (burnt triennially) and low (burnt twice in 60 years). Plots with high fire frequency hosted higher abundance than medium- or low-frequency plots. Fire frequencies did not affect species richness, but they led to distinct communities of butterflies. Our findings suggest that, in view of the three fire frequencies tested, a spatial diversity of fire frequencies may increase butterfly diversity at the landscape level in wet savannas. Managers may need to promote a greater diversity of fire frequencies by increasing fire frequency in some areas to provide habitat for species requiring high fire frequency, and by decreasing fire frequency in a large proportion of the landscape to provide fire refuges. This study provides new insights for butterfly conservation in savannas and highlights several knowledge gaps, which further studies should address for insect responses to be given adequate consideration in fire management strategies.Conservation implications: A spatial diversity of fire frequencies may increase butterfly diversity. Managers may need to promote a greater diversity of fire frequencies by increasing fire frequency in some areas to provide habitat for species requiring high fire frequency, and by decreasing fire frequency in other areas to provide fire refuges.

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“…Se colocaron 8 transectos en total, cada uno con una longitud de 200 m, en ambas áreas de estudio, específicamente, 4 en el área afectada por el fuego y otros 4 en el área control. En los extremos de cada transecto, se delimitaron cuadrantes de 2 × 2 m (Adamidis et al, 2019;Gaigher et al, 2021;Serrat et al, 2015). En total, se designaron 16 cuadrantes de 4 m 2 , distribuidos equitativamente entre el sitio quemado y el sitio control, con el propósito de realizar observaciones y registros florales a lo largo de 1 año, abarcando los meses de febrero, marzo, mayo, junio, julio, agosto, noviembre de 2018 y enero de 2019. https://doi.org/10.…”

Section: Materiales Y Métodosunclassified

Diversidad postincendio de mariposas en un bosque de pino-encino del noreste de México

Himmelsbach,

Friesen,

González-Tagle

et al. 2024

Rev.Mex.Biodiv.

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Últimamente se ha descrito una disminución de la abundancia y diversidad de insectos, así como una alteración del régimen de incendios forestales. Debido a la sensibilidad de las mariposas a los cambios ambientales, se estudió la riqueza de mariposas en 2 bosques, uno afectado por un incendio y otro sin indicios de fuego. Mediante el muestreo en transectos, así como la captura de mariposas con trampas durante las 4 estaciones del año, se determinó la diversidad florística y de mariposas. El análisis de los datos obtenidos mostró que el bosque con fuego presentaba una mayor diversidad de flores y mariposas que el área control. Comparando los 2 bosques, se confirmó una disimilitud de 27% y 41% entre la riqueza de especies de flores y mariposas, respectivamente. Además, se observó una variación significativa en la presencia de flores y mariposas a lo largo del año en el área quemada, la cual no fue significativa en el área control. Por lo tanto, es importante estudiar el efecto de los incendios forestales en la diversidad vegetal y animal, y considerar sus resultados en los planes de manejo forestal.

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Prescribed fire maintains host plants of a rare grassland butterfly

Cited by 6 publications

References 66 publications

Stable generalist species anchor a dynamic pollination network

Stable generalist species anchor a dynamic pollination network

Effects of fire frequency on savanna butterfly diversity and composition: A preliminary study

Diversidad postincendio de mariposas en un bosque de pino-encino del noreste de México

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