Prescribing pattern of antibiotics in AL-Elwia Pediatric Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, 2016.

Obaid, Ali Abdul-Razzaq

doi:10.47723/kcmj.v13i2.108

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The rising in resistance rate to previously effective antibiotics may be due to uncontrolled usage of prescription only medication including antibiotics and steroids in private settings (15,38,39) , and even due to irrational antibiotics prescribing practice (40)(41)(42)(43)(44) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the Prevalence of Upper and Lower Urinary Tract Infections’ Pathogens and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile for Adult Patients in Al-Diwaniya, Iraq (Conference Paper) #

Alfetlawi¹,

Jasim

2023

IJPS

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Until today, one of the leading predominant infections is Urinary tract infection (UTI). It exerts a huge burden on health systems worldwide each year. Treating UTIs empirically with antimicrobials improves morbidity rates. This study aims to assess the prevalence of UTI-associated bacteria in adult patients and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility profile. A retrospective study was conducted for adult outpatients who visited Al-Diwaniya tertiary hospitals from January 2020 till February 2022 to review their medical and lab records in addition to sociodemographic data. A total of 256 patients’ records were included of which 204 (79.7%) belong to females and 52 (20.3%) were males with an average age of 39.22±17.10 years. The predominant organisms’ isolates were Staphylococcus spp. found in 100 records (39.1%), Escherichia coli (E. coli) demonstrated in 90 records (35.2%), and Klebsiella spp. (K. spp.) revealed in 23 records (9%). Staphylococcus spp. (Staph. spp.) showed high resistance to ampicillin (92.9%) followed by ceftazidime (87.5%), and were highly sensitive to vancomycin. The higher resistance profile of E. coli was to ampicillin (97.9%) and ceftriaxone (81.3%) while was highly susceptible to meropenem (97.9%) and amikacin (97.6%). Additionally, Klebsiella spp. was highly susceptible to nitrofurantoin (78.6%), while was completely resistant to ampicillin. This study presents Staphylococcus spp. as the most prevalent gram-positive uropathogen and E. coli as the most prevalent gram-negative bacteria with a multidrug resistance profile to commonly used antimicrobials which is an alarming situation to implement an immediate effective stewardship program.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the Prevalence of Upper and Lower Urinary Tract Infections’ Pathogens and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile for Adult Patients in Al-Diwaniya, Iraq (Conference Paper) #

Alfetlawi¹,

Jasim

2023

IJPS

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“…Similar results were obtained from other studies in Baghdad, Iraq and India, where gastroenteritis and respiratory tract infections were the most commonly reported diagnoses. 12,20 Regarding the type of antibiotics prescribed, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone and gentamicin were the most commonly prescribed drugs (Table 2). These are broad spectrum antibiotics and frequently used as empiric therapy, which could explain the obtained results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 Additionally, a study conducted in Al-Elwia Pediatric Teaching Hospital in Baghdad has shown that 87.56% of the patients who visited the hospital have received antibiotics, and amoxicillin was the antibiotic preferred by pediatricians. 12 Another study that surveyed five teaching hospitals in Baghdad has found that 66.7% of patients were treated with at least one antimicrobial agent and the neonatal intensive care unit had the highest antimicrobial prescription rate (97.2%) where ceftriaxone was the most frequently used antibiotic. 13 Clinical pharmacist intervention (CPI) is one of the most important interventions used to optimize medication prescription, prevent drug-related issues and lower drug costs for both the patient and the hospital.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of pharmacist behavioral intervention on antibiotics prescribing in pediatric wards

Abbas

Al-Metwali

2023

F1000Res

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Background: Antibiotics may be prescribed irrationally, which can lead to significant consequences including the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Pharmacists can play a key role in enhancing the rational antibiotic prescribing. This study aimed to evaluate the current clinical practice of prescribing antimicrobial agents in pediatric wards and to assess the clinical and economic impact of pharmacist interventions on antibiotic prescribing. Methodology: This study was conducted at the pediatric wards of a general hospital, Babel, Iraq. The study population included all pediatric inpatients aged ≤ 12 years and receiving antibiotic. The study consisted of three phases. The first was a pre-intervention phase where data about antibiotic prescription was collected retrospectively. The second phase involved pharmacist intervention where the researcher had provided an oral presentation to the healthcare workers. The third phase involved prospective data collection which was compared with the pre-intervention data. Independent T-test was used to compare the differences in the parameters between the pre-and post-intervention phases. Results: The study included 250 children in each of the pre- and post-intervention phases who received antibiotic treatment. The medical records were reviewed retrospectively. Four antibiotics (amoxicillin, cefotaxime, vancomycin and meropenem) were significantly less frequently used in the post-intervention phase. Single antibiotic treatment was significantly higher in the post-intervention phase (p-value<0.05). Length and days of therapy, and the total cost of the antibiotics used were significantly lower in the post-intervention phase. Culture and sensitivity tests were performed only in 28% of patients in the post-intervention phase where the isolated bacteria were found to be highly resistant to penicillin and cephalosporin. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that pharmacist intervention in general pediatric wards has resulted in favorable clinical and economic outcomes. This emphasizes the essential role pharmacists can play in rational antibiotic use, not only in the pediatric population but also in the adults.

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“…3-Pharmacies must engage in a mandatory continuous medical education programs to improve and update their clinical and practice skills [6] . 4-Disseminating the culture of proper antibiotics use by healthcare providers to raise public awareness and conducting public educational programs through mass media [14] . 5-Educate health care by using seminars or any other educational means [10 ].…”

Section: Recommendation and Interventions For Antibiotics Misusementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Self-medication with antibiotics is a worldwide problem, not only in the developing countries but also in the developed countries [5] . Studies among Iraqi population have reported prevalence of improper use of antibiotic [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] , this will lead to increase in the health problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Misuse of antibiotics in Iraq: A review of Iraqi published studies

Salim¹,

Alsabah²,

Taghi³

2022

AJPS

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Misuse of antibiotics is one of the health problems worldwide. In Iraq, prevalence of self- medication with antibiotics increases resistant organisms, this will lead to bad impacts on health and economic aspects in the future. Aim of study is to review the published articles on the antibiotics misuse in Iraq, in addition to assess the level of the population’s knowledge towards antibiotics misuse and the suggested recommendation to reduce this problem. Method: In this study 12 articles conducted in different regions of Iraq were reviewed to assess antibiotic misuse in a period from 2014-2020.Results: The results demonstrated high prevalence of antibiotic misuse among Iraqi population ranging from (45%- 92%). In addition, poor knowledge among population towards antibiotics misuse also reported. Bad attitudes of pharmacists and physicians regarding antibiotics prescribing and dispensing were registered. Conclusion: The review focuses on important health issue in Iraq that effect on health & economic system. New legislations and restriction need to apply to limit this problem.

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Prescribing pattern of antibiotics in AL-Elwia Pediatric Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, 2016.

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Determining the Prevalence of Upper and Lower Urinary Tract Infections’ Pathogens and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile for Adult Patients in Al-Diwaniya, Iraq (Conference Paper) #

Determining the Prevalence of Upper and Lower Urinary Tract Infections’ Pathogens and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile for Adult Patients in Al-Diwaniya, Iraq (Conference Paper) #

The impact of pharmacist behavioral intervention on antibiotics prescribing in pediatric wards

Misuse of antibiotics in Iraq: A review of Iraqi published studies

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