Presence of Avian Bornavirus RNA and Anti-avian Bornavirus Antibodies in Apparently Healthy Macaws

Kloet, Siwo R. de; Dorrestein, Gerry M.

doi:10.1637/9029.1

Cited by 11 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Widespread asymptomatic infection with less common clinical disease is a consistent feature of bornavirus infections, and may be attributed to the noncytopathic effect of Bornaviridae. This pattern has been documented with BDV in horses and sheep (Lipkin & Briese, 2006) and is now well recognized in parrots (De Kloet & Dorrestein, 2009;Kistler et al, 2010;Lierz et al, 2009;Villanueva et al, 2010;Heffels-Redmann et al, 2012). The exact circumstances under which disease develops in waterfowl species is unknown but influences are probably multifactorial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Pathology and diagnosis of avian bornavirus infection in wild Canada geese (Branta canadensis), trumpeter swans (Cygnus buccinator) and mute swans (Cygnus olor) in Canada: a retrospective study

et al. 2013

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Nine hundred and fifty-five pathology cases collected in Ontario between 1992 and 2011 from wild free-ranging Canada geese, trumpeter swans and mute swans were retrospectively evaluated for the pathology associated with avian bornavirus (ABV) infection. Cases were selected based on the presence of upper gastrointestinal impaction, central nervous system histopathology or clinical history suggestive of ABV infection. The proportion of birds meeting at least one of these criteria was significantly higher at the Toronto Zoo (30/132) than elsewhere in Ontario (21/823). Central, peripheral and autonomic nervous tissues were examined for the presence of lymphocytes and plasma cells on histopathology. The presence of virus was assessed by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on frozen brains and on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. Among selected cases, 86.3% (44/51) were considered positive on histopathology, 56.8% (29/51) were positive by immunohistochemistry, and RT-PCR was positive on 88.2% (15/17) of the frozen brains and 78.4% (40/51) of the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples. Histopathological lesions included gliosis and lymphoplasmacytic perivascular cuffing in brain (97.7%), spinal cord (50%), peripheral nerves (55.5%) and myenteric ganglia or nerves (62.8%), resembling lesions described in parrots affected with proventricular dilatation disease. Partial amino acid sequences of the nucleocapsid gene from seven geese were 100% identical amongst themselves and 98.1 to 100% identical to the waterfowl sequences recently described in the USA. Although ABV has been identified in apparently healthy geese, our study confirmed that ABV can also be associated with significant disease in wild waterfowl species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Pathology and diagnosis of avian bornavirus infection in wild Canada geese (Branta canadensis), trumpeter swans (Cygnus buccinator) and mute swans (Cygnus olor) in Canada: a retrospective study

et al. 2013

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“…Third, it is of great interest to know whether symptomless persisting infections of parrots and other birds occur frequently and whether such persistently infected birds serve as a virus reservoir. Recent reports (11,45) suggest that this is a likely scenario. Further, the routes of virus transmission must be studied.…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Avian Bornavirus Associated with Fatal Disease in Psittacine Birds

Staeheli

Rinder

Kaspers

2010

J Virol

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Thanks to new technologies which enable rapid and unbiased screening for viral nucleic acids in clinical specimens, an impressive number of previously unknown viruses have recently been discovered. Two research groups independently identified a novel negative-strand RNA virus, now designated avian bornavirus (ABV), in parrots with proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), a severe lymphoplasmacytic ganglioneuritis of the gastrointestinal tract of psittacine birds that is frequently accompanied by encephalomyelitis. Since its discovery, ABV has been detected worldwide in many captive parrots and in one canary with PDD. ABV induced a PDD-like disease in experimentally infected cockatiels, strongly suggesting that ABV is highly pathogenic in psittacine birds. Until the discovery of ABV, the Bornaviridae family consisted of a single species, classical Borna disease virus (BDV), which is the causative agent of a progressive neurological disorder that affects primarily horses, sheep, and some other farm animals in central Europe. Although ABV and BDV share many biological features, there exist several interesting differences, which are discussed in this review.

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“…This conclusion is also supported by the findings of another study that used Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect anti-ABV antibodies in asymptomatic ABV-positive macaws. 48 Even with the limited data available to date on molecular and serologic assays for ABV detection, the advantages and shortcomings of these tests are already apparent. When used for the diagnosis of PDD, false-positive as well as false-negative results are possible.…”

Section: Molecular Diagnosis and Serologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, many birds that are diagnosed by either crop biopsy, ABV-PCR, or antibody to ABV may never develop naturally occurring disease. 43,45,48 ABV diagnostics are currently in their infancy. Extensive, long-term research is needed to provide the client with a reasonable prognosis, especially when multiple birds or flocks are subject to exposure.…”

Section: Clinical Management Of Pddmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 Although most of the recoveries of ABV so far have been from clinically affected birds, asymptomatic infection and longterm virus shedding have also been identified and likely play an important role in the epidemiology of PDD. 22,43,45,48 PDD has been successfully reproduced in cockatiels (N hollandicus) inoculated with brain homogenate containing ABV4, and the presence of an ABV4, nearly identical to that of the inoculum, was demonstrated in various organs of the inoculees. 43 PDD has also been reproduced in cockatiels and Patagonian conures (Cyanoliseus patagonus) using cultured ABV, fulfilling Koch postulates.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

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Advanced Diagnostic Approaches and Current Management of Proventricular Dilatation Disease

Gancz

Clubb

Shivaprasad

2010

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice

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Presence of Avian Bornavirus RNA and Anti-avian Bornavirus Antibodies in Apparently Healthy Macaws

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Pathology and diagnosis of avian bornavirus infection in wild Canada geese (Branta canadensis), trumpeter swans (Cygnus buccinator) and mute swans (Cygnus olor) in Canada: a retrospective study

Pathology and diagnosis of avian bornavirus infection in wild Canada geese (Branta canadensis), trumpeter swans (Cygnus buccinator) and mute swans (Cygnus olor) in Canada: a retrospective study

Avian Bornavirus Associated with Fatal Disease in Psittacine Birds

Advanced Diagnostic Approaches and Current Management of Proventricular Dilatation Disease

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