Presence of <i>Leishmania</i> organisms in specific and non‐specific skin lesions in HIV‐infected individuals with visceral leishmaniasis

Bosch, R. J.; Rodrigo, Ana B.; Sánchez, Pablo; Gálvez, María Victoria de; Herrera, Enrique

doi:10.1046/j.1365-4362.2002.01610.x

Cited by 49 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In the sub-Saharan Sahelian zone of Africa, several L. major isolates obtained from patients in Mali (n ϭ 4), Burkina Faso (n ϭ 7), Senegal (44,105,191).…”

Section: Other Leishmania Species During Hiv Coinfectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Ethiopia, severe PKDL was more common in HIV-positive (27.3%) than in HIV-negative (13.3%) VL patients at a 6-month follow-up (216). Case reports of VL-HIVcoinfected patients have described cutaneous lesions that precede (159), accompany (18,44,64,105), and follow (50, 56) VL after treatment. It is unclear whether these are forms of PKDL or parasitized skin lesions formed during the course of VL.…”

Section: Pkdl and Hiv Coinfectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relationship between Leishmaniasis and AIDS: the Second 10 Years

et al. 2008

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SUMMARY To date, most Leishmania and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection cases reported to WHO come from Southern Europe. Up to the year 2001, nearly 2,000 cases of coinfection were identified, of which 90% were from Spain, Italy, France, and Portugal. However, these figures are misleading because they do not account for the large proportion of cases in many African and Asian countries that are missed due to a lack of diagnostic facilities and poor reporting systems. Most cases of coinfection in the Americas are reported in Brazil, where the incidence of leishmaniasis has spread in recent years due to overlap with major areas of HIV transmission. In some areas of Africa, the number of coinfection cases has increased dramatically due to social phenomena such as mass migration and wars. In northwest Ethiopia, up to 30% of all visceral leishmaniasis patients are also infected with HIV. In Asia, coinfections are increasingly being reported in India, which also has the highest global burden of leishmaniasis and a high rate of resistance to antimonial drugs. Based on the previous experience of 20 years of coinfection in Europe, this review focuses on the management of Leishmania-HIV-coinfected patients in low-income countries where leishmaniasis is endemic.

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“…In the sub-Saharan Sahelian zone of Africa, several L. major isolates obtained from patients in Mali (n ϭ 4), Burkina Faso (n ϭ 7), Senegal (44,105,191).…”

Section: Other Leishmania Species During Hiv Coinfectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pkdl and Hiv Coinfectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Leishmaniasis and AIDS: the Second 10 Years

et al. 2008

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“…This observation is attributed to the presence of leishmania in cutaneous histiocytes, seen especially in immunocompromised patients. Specific skin lesions of leishmaniasis may comprise many appearances; being papules and nodules more commonly described 4 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When cutaneous compromising exists in VL, in general it happens in association with aids coursing with low count of CD4 T cells 4,8,10,16 . Classic PKDL due to L. (L.) chagasi is not commonly described in Brazil 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

L. (L.) chagasi in aids and visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) co-infection

Roselino

Chociay

Costa

et al. 2008

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYConcomitant skin lesions in visceral leishmaniasis (VL) or kala-azar are rare, being more common the description of postkala-azar dermal leishmaniasis occurring post treatment of kala-azar. Skin lesions caused by Leishmania donovani are frequently seen in the aids-VL co-infection. In Brazil cutaneous or mucosal forms of tegumentary leishmaniasis concomitant with aids are more commonly registered. Here we present a case of aids-VL co-infection, with unusual cutaneous and digestive compromising attributed to L. (L.) chagasi, with special attention to ecthymatous aspect of the lesion, allied to the absence of parasite on the histological skin biopsy.

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“…For instance, the transmission through blood transfusions in human patients has been reported [66] as well as transmission by common use of needles among drug addicts [67]. Vertical transmission of Leishmania has been documented in humans [68].…”

Section: Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal reservoirs for visceral leishmaniasis in densely populated urban areas

Diniz

Silva

Neta

et al. 2008

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease of major public health and veterinary importance, affecting 88 countries with up to 2 million cases per year. This review emphasizes the animal reservoirs and spreading of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in urban areas, particularly in two Brazilian metropolitan areas, namely São Luis and Belo Horizonte, where the disease has become endemic in the past few years. Urbanization of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil during the last decades has created favorable epidemiological conditions for maintenance of the disease, with dense human populations sharing a tropical environment with abundant populations of the mammalian reservoir and the invertebrate vector, facilitating transmission of the disease.

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Presence of Leishmania organisms in specific and non‐specific skin lesions in HIV‐infected individuals with visceral leishmaniasis

Cited by 49 publications

References 41 publications

The Relationship between Leishmaniasis and AIDS: the Second 10 Years

The Relationship between Leishmaniasis and AIDS: the Second 10 Years

L. (L.) chagasi in aids and visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) co-infection

Animal reservoirs for visceral leishmaniasis in densely populated urban areas

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