Present-day treatment of tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection

Pérez-Camacho, Inés; Rivero‐Juárez, Antonio; Kindelán, José María

doi:10.1016/s0213-005x(11)70017-9

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The major purposes of anti-TB therapy are to eliminate the M. tuberculosis bacillus as rapidly as possible; prevent drug resistance; and to avoid relapses by eliminating persistent bacilli [47]. TB treatment is one that requires both diligence and commitment, as it involves the combination of several different drugs over a lengthy period.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extracts of G. alypum were obtained by two extraction methods; the first method utilized a methanol, petroleum and dichloromethane mixture; and a second method used a methanol, acetone and water mixture [94]. Both mixtures were later evaluated for the presence of tannins, flavonoids, and anthocyanins; both tannins and anthocyanins are classes of flavonoids [47]. Analysis of the mixtures were conducted using α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,29-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assays [95,96].…”

Section: Tanninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After analysis by DPPH and ABTS, both G. alypum mixtures were evaluated for activity against M. tuberculosis strain H37RV by using a colorimetric micro assay based on the reduction of MTT to formazan by metabolically active cells [94]. The study determined that the methanol, petroleum and dichloromethane mixture demonstrated improved activity against TB [47]. The investigators noted that further work is necessary to identify additional compounds of polyphenols (occurring in many natural products) that are responsible for the anti-tuberculosis activity; additionally these compounds should be purified to determine important cellular targets [94].…”

Section: Tanninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The War against Tuberculosis: A Review of Natural Compounds and Their Derivatives

et al. 2020

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Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the bacterial organism Mycobacterium tuberculosis, pose a major threat to public health, especially in middle and low-income countries. Worldwide in 2018, approximately 10 million new cases of TB were reported to the World Health Organization (WHO). There are a limited number of medications available to treat TB; additionally, multi-drug resistant TB and extensively-drug resistant TB strains are becoming more prevalent. As a result of various factors, such as increased costs of developing new medications and adverse side effects from current medications, researchers continue to evaluate natural compounds for additional treatment options. These substances have the potential to target bacterial cell structures and may contribute to successful treatment. For example, a study reported that green and black tea, which contains epigallocatechin gallate (a phenolic antioxidant), may decrease the risk of contracting TB in experimental subjects; cumin (a seed from the parsley plant) has been demonstrated to improve the bioavailability of rifampicin, an important anti-TB medication, and propolis (a natural substance produced by honeybees) has been shown to improve the binding affinity of anti-TB medications to bacterial cell structures. In this article, we review the opportunistic pathogen M. tuberculosis, various potential therapeutic targets, available therapies, and natural compounds that may have anti-TB properties. In conclusion, different natural compounds alone as well as in combination with already approved medication regimens should continue to be investigated as treatment options for TB.

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Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tanninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tanninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The War against Tuberculosis: A Review of Natural Compounds and Their Derivatives

et al. 2020

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“…According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2012 8.6 million TB cases were diagnosed and reported worldwide, with 1.3 million deaths1. The TB median incidence estimated in Brazil is 46 (38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)/100,000 inhabitants per year. Despite the decline of such rate over the years, Brazil still ranks among the 22 countries with majority of cases with 81% of cases worldwide.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…R associated to pyrazinamide (Z) for two months is not recommended, due to its high hepatotoxicity. [41][42][43] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the American Society of Transplantation (AST) preferably recommend nine months of H for LTBI treatment, due to their low liver toxicity and higher efficacy. 45,46 R containing regimens may be considered in patients at risk for LTBI resistant to H and should be used for four months.…”

Section: Ltbimentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis in solid organ transplantation: Prospects and challenges in the brazilian context

Lauar

Vaz

Romanelli

et al. 2014

bjt

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The management of tuberculosis (TB) in candidates and recipients of solid organs poses several challenges. Among them, TB diagnosis is often delayed by the atypical presentation of the disease and difficulties related to the anti-TB drugs toxicity and the interaction with immunosuppressive drugs. This review includes relevant articles published in the last 20 years and also takes into account the current Brazilian recommendations for the diagnosis and therapeutic management of TB in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. It also attempts to provide useful recommendations to assist physicians as to the patient care, and presents the main limitations for a better approach upon considering the Brazilian scenario.

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Documento de consenso de Gesida/Plan Nacional sobre el Sida respecto al tratamiento antirretroviral en adultos infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (actualización enero de 2012)

2012

Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica

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This consensus document has been prepared by a panel consisting of members of the AIDS Study Group (Gesida) and the Spanish Secretariat for the National Plan on AIDS (SPNS) after reviewing the efficacy and safety results of clinical trials, cohort and pharmacokinetic studies published in medical journals, or presented in medical scientific meetings. Gesida has prepared an objective and structured method to prioritise combined antiretroviral treatment (cART) in naïve patients. Recommendations strength (A, B, C) and the evidence which supports them (I, II, III) are based on a modification of the Infectious Diseases Society of America criteria. The current antiretroviral treatment (ART) of choice for chronic HIV infection is the combination of three drugs. ART is recommended in patients with symptomatic HIV infection, in pregnancy, in serodiscordant couples with high transmission risk, hepatitis B fulfilling treatment criteria, and HIV nephropathy. Guidelines on ART treatment in patients with concurrent diagnosis of HIV infection and an opportunistic type C infection are included. In asymptomatic patients ART is recommended on the basis of CD4 lymphocyte counts, plasma viral load and patient co-morbidities, as follows: 1) therapy should be started in patients with CD4 counts <350 cells/μL; 2) when CD4 counts are between 350 and 500 cells/μL, therapy will be recommended and only delayed if patient is reluctant to take it, the CD4 are stabilised, and the plasma viral load is low; 3) therapy could be deferred when CD4 counts are above 500 cells/μL, but should be considered in cases of cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis C, high cardiovascular risk, plasma viral load >10(5) copies/mL, proportion of CD4 cells <14%, and in people aged >55 years. ART should include 2 reverse transcriptase inhibitors nucleoside analogues and a third drug (non-analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor, ritonavir boosted protease inhibitor or integrase inhibitor). The panel has consensually selected and given priority to using the Gesida score for some drug combinations, some of them co-formulated. The objective of ART is to achieve an undetectable viral load. Adherence to therapy plays an essential role in maintaining antiviral response. Therapeutic options are limited after ART failures, but an undetectable viral load may be possible nowadays. Adverse events are a fading problem of ART. Guidelines in acute HIV infection, in women, in pregnancy, and to prevent mother-to-child transmission and pre- and post-exposition prophylaxis are commented upon. Management of hepatitis B or C co-infection, other co-morbidities, and the characteristics of ART in HIV-2 infection are included.

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Present-day treatment of tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

The War against Tuberculosis: A Review of Natural Compounds and Their Derivatives

The War against Tuberculosis: A Review of Natural Compounds and Their Derivatives

Tuberculosis in solid organ transplantation: Prospects and challenges in the brazilian context

Documento de consenso de Gesida/Plan Nacional sobre el Sida respecto al tratamiento antirretroviral en adultos infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (actualización enero de 2012)

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