Present pollution profile of Karachi coastal waters

Jilani, Seema

doi:10.1007/s11852-017-0581-x

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Waste from 3 fertilizers and some of the tannery factories is also dumped near “Shamspir” and “Kakapir” tributaries;Clifton (near Do-Dariya) is about 3–4 km away from the Korangi Industrial area (24.75° N; 67.08° E) that receives effluents from the Korangi Industrial area via the tributaries of the Malir river [ 36 ], and Korangi creek is nearest (about 1 km) to the Industrial area (24.78° N; 67.13° E) that receives discharges from tanneries via the Malir River [ 37 ]. Domestic sewage and pesticides/chemicals are also dumped from >500 factories via rain run-off [ 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoremediation of Potentially Toxic Elements from Contaminated Saline Soils Using Salvadora persica L.: Seasonal Evaluation

Mujeeb

Abideen

Aziz

et al. 2023

Plants

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Plants in coastal ecosystems are primarily known as natural sinks of trace metals and their importance for phytoremediation is well established. Salvadora persica L., a medicinally important woody crop of marginal coasts, was evaluated for the accumulation of metal pollutants (viz. Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cr) from three coastal areas of Karachi on a seasonal basis. Korangi creek, being the most polluted site, had higher heavy metals (HM’s) in soil (Fe up to 17,389, Mn: 268, Zn: 105, Cu: 23, Pb: 64.7 and Cr up to 35.9 mg kg−1) and S. persica accumulated most of the metals with >1 TF (translocation factor), yet none of them exceeded standard permissible ranges except for Pb (up to 3.1 in roots and 3.37 mg kg−1 in leaves with TF = 11.7). Seasonal data suggested that higher salinity in Clifton and Korangi creeks during pre- and post-monsoon summers resulted in lower leaf water (ΨWo) and osmotic potential at full turgor (ΨSo) and bulk elasticity (ε), higher leaf Na+ and Pb but lower extractable concentrations of other toxic metals (Cr, Cu, and Zn) in S. persica. Variation in metal accumulation may be linked to metal speciation via specific transporters and leaf water relation dynamics. Our results suggested that S. persica could be grown on Zn, Cr and Cu polluted soils but not on Pb affected soils as its leaves accumulated higher concentrations than the proposed limits.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoremediation of Potentially Toxic Elements from Contaminated Saline Soils Using Salvadora persica L.: Seasonal Evaluation

Mujeeb

Abideen

Aziz

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…In this research, the mean values of seawater temperature and salinity level/conductivity in the corrosion tanks were maintained at 40°C and 40 ± 2.6 ppt (conductivity of 60 ± 3 mS cm −1 ), respectively. The salinity levels (of 40 ± 2.6 ppt) were maintained in the corrosion tanks by adding approximately 4 kg of sea salt in 100 litres of freshwater, which is equivalent to the maximum salinity levels in natural seawater of the Arabian Sea [22,39,40]. Although, similar corrosion experiments in artificial seawater medium (at salinity levels of 40 ± 2.6 ppt) were also conducted at different seawater temperatures, to estimate the influence of seawater temperature on the rate of uniform/localised corrosion, however, detailed deliberation of the same is beyond the scope of this paper.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new approach for quantification of corrosion losses on steels exposed to an artificial seawater environment

Abbas

Simms

Rizvi³

2023

Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology

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The selection methodology for thickness loss measurement is very important to determine the extent of corrosion damage, as well as in formulation of corrosion prediction models and inspection/ maintenance plans for offshore structures. This paper introduces a more accurate corrosion measurement technique, based on the pre-exposure dimensional metrology and post-exposure optical microscopy/image analysis on the cross-sections of steel samples. During this corrosion test, the surface grinded and uncoated steel samples were submerged vertically in an artificial seawater solution, for a duration of up to a maximum of 365 days. The corrosion damage experienced on the steel samples means that the dimensional metrology can be more accurate, and useful approach to measure both uniform and localised corrosion losses simultaneously than the conventional average mass loss method.

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“…The high concentration of Ni in Karachi Harbour is due to the waste patenting from the electroplating industries at S.I.T.E. According to (Qadri et al 2011;Nergis et al 2012;Jilani, 2018;Alamgir, 2018) Industrial and domestic waste is considered to be the key basis of cadmium in the marine environment. The availability of a high concentration of Pb in seawater samples might be mostly due to the fuel used for fishing boats which commonly use petrol or diesel.…”

Section: Seawater Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Marine Coastal Water Pollution from Karachi Harbour Pakistan

Nergis

Butt

Sharif

2023

IJEEG

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In Pakistan, marine pollution is a major problem that is caused by the waste from industrial, municipal, agronomy, and oil leak sources. The pollutant loads along with the coastline areas near Karachi is received from terrestrial contaminants including discharges from Karachi Harbour located on the estuary of the Lyari river. Karachi generates 472 Million Gallon per Day (MGD) of wastewater out of which only 55 MGD is treated and the rest is discharged in the sea. The prevailing sewage treatment plants are functioning at reduced capacity due to the insufficient transmission capacity of interceptors. Water sampling was carried out from the Lyari River and five different selected coastal point around Karachi harbour for physicochemical parameters and selected heavy metals. Results show that the Karachi Harbour area is noticeably polluted, whereas; the coastal environment in the vicinity of Karachi is also under the stress of pollution. High COD and BOD5 values were noticed at the Lyari river samples and the sampling locations close to the Lyari river outfall area. The Pb, Cd, Ni, and Hg heavy metals that pollute marine water are found. This situation is due to the discharge of mixed effluents of industrial and domestic wastes as well as dredging, cargo handling, dumping of ship waste and other coastal activities. The highest value of pollution observed at Karachi Harbour which is near Lyari river mouth, where the domestic and industrial effluents with organic and inorganic wastes have a greater influence on the water quality and the marine environment. At present, there is no effective controlling mechanism for industries to treat their waste, nor has any investigation to assess increasing marine pollution been carried out. As a result, there is an adverse impact on fish habitat and mangroves, corrosion of cargo ships, naval vessels and the residents living in the coastal area. Therefore, the government agencies and industrial sectors should work together to avert marine pollution and attain total environmental sustainability.

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Present pollution profile of Karachi coastal waters

Cited by 17 publications

References 9 publications

Phytoremediation of Potentially Toxic Elements from Contaminated Saline Soils Using Salvadora persica L.: Seasonal Evaluation

Phytoremediation of Potentially Toxic Elements from Contaminated Saline Soils Using Salvadora persica L.: Seasonal Evaluation

A new approach for quantification of corrosion losses on steels exposed to an artificial seawater environment

Assessment of Marine Coastal Water Pollution from Karachi Harbour Pakistan

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