“…As a clean and renewable energy source, geothermal energy may be used for both power generation and heating. − At present, artificial stimulation (heat, force, chemistry) is mainly used to extract geothermal energy, that is, Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS). − In EGS, water is usually used as the fracturing medium in the hydraulic stimulation and the heat exchange medium in heat mining technology. − The thermal recovery efficiency of medium- and low-temperature geothermal resources is limited by fluid properties, wellbore depth, and heat transfer efficiency. , In addition to the high energy consumption of the thermal cycle, there are disadvantages such as scaling in the wellbore caused by water–rock interactions, when water is used as the heat-exchange medium. , Also, with changes in in situ stress and reservoir pressure, water has a risk of activating faults and inducing earthquakes. At this moment, earthquake events induced by hydraulic fracturing in dry-hot rock have occurred in Basel, Switzerland, and Soultz, France, among other places. − The physical properties of CO 2 suggest that it can be used as a heat-exchange medium.…”