Present Without Presence? Gender, Quotas and Debate Recognition in the Ugandan Parliament

In Whose Interest? Gender and Mass–Elite Priority Congruence in Sub-Saharan Africa

“…Related to formal exclusion, women may be assigned less important ministerial or committee positions (Barnes, 2016;Escobar-Lemmon & Taylor-Robinson, 2016;Heath, Schwindt-Bayer, & Taylor-Robinson, 2005;Krook & O'Brien, 2012). Related to informal exclusion, women may be ignored during policy debates (Clayton, Josefsson, & Wang, 2014), compelled to work in areas that conform to gender stereotypes (Schwindt-Bayer, 2006), or pressured by their parties to toe the party line (Cowley & Childs, 2003;Muriaas & Wang, 2012). Mapping exactly where in the representative process women's priorities are sidelined is key to scholars interested in the process of substantive representation.…”

Equal playing field? On the intersection between gender and being young in the Swedish Parliament

“…The first possible scenario is that gender trumps age, such that gender is more important than age for how a legislator perceives his or her work. An extensive literature has documented how women, regardless of other intersecting identities, face greater hurdles than men in politics (Clayton, Josefsson, and Wang 2014;Lovenduski 2005;Schwindt-Bayer 2010), which in the present context would imply that women, regardless of their age, have more negative experiences concerning their legislative roles, and are more exposed to negative treatment, than both younger and older men.…”

“…Several empirical studies have found evidence that the marginalization of women legislators can be linked to a masculine parliamentary culture (Childs 2004;Heath, Schwindt-Bayer, and Taylor-Robinson 2005;Kathlene 1994). Scholars have documented how women thus lack access to leadership positions (O'Brien 2015), are assigned to less important committee positions (Barnes 2014;Heath, Schwindt-Bayer, and Taylor-Robinson 2005;Schwindt-Bayer 2010), and are ignored by their male colleagues in plenary debates (Clayton, Josefsson, and Wang 2014). Moreover, research has indicated that other factors can also negatively influence women's parliamentary effectiveness and room for maneuver, such as race/ethnicity (Bratton and Haynie 1999;Hawkesworth 2003) and being elected through gender quotas (e.g.…”

“…Moreover, research has indicated that other factors can also negatively influence women's parliamentary effectiveness and room for maneuver, such as race/ethnicity (Bratton and Haynie 1999;Hawkesworth 2003) and being elected through gender quotas (e.g. Clayton, Josefsson, and Wang 2014;Zetterberg 2008). Findings are mixed in respect to seniority, but several studies support the argument that women's marginalization can be explained to a great extent by their being newly elected, not only by their gender (Jeydel and Taylor 2003;Kerevel and Atkeson 2013).…”

Tracing Gender Differences in Parliamentary Debates: A Growth Curve Analysis of Ugandan Mps’ Activity Levels in Plenary Sessions, 1998–2008

“…One would be to analyse various quantitative indicators of debate influence and acknowledged presence (see Clayton et al 2014) (both in the plenary and parliamentary committees). Thus far, most studies of MPs' verbal behaviour have been carried out in Western Europe and North America in contexts where quotas do not exist or are voluntarily adopted by political parties.…”